/home/fresvfqn/.cagefs/tmp/php5Pp0SD
"""Macintosh-specific module for conversion between pathnames and URLs.
Do not import directly; use urllib instead."""
import urllib.parse
import os
__all__ = ["url2pathname","pathname2url"]
def url2pathname(pathname):
"""OS-specific conversion from a relative URL of the 'file' scheme
to a file system path; not recommended for general use."""
#
# XXXX The .. handling should be fixed...
#
tp = urllib.parse.splittype(pathname)[0]
if tp and tp != 'file':
raise RuntimeError('Cannot convert non-local URL to pathname')
# Turn starting /// into /, an empty hostname means current host
if pathname[:3] == '///':
pathname = pathname[2:]
elif pathname[:2] == '//':
raise RuntimeError('Cannot convert non-local URL to pathname')
components = pathname.split('/')
# Remove . and embedded ..
i = 0
while i < len(components):
if components[i] == '.':
del components[i]
elif components[i] == '..' and i > 0 and \
components[i-1] not in ('', '..'):
del components[i-1:i+1]
i = i-1
elif components[i] == '' and i > 0 and components[i-1] != '':
del components[i]
else:
i = i+1
if not components[0]:
# Absolute unix path, don't start with colon
rv = ':'.join(components[1:])
else:
# relative unix path, start with colon. First replace
# leading .. by empty strings (giving ::file)
i = 0
while i < len(components) and components[i] == '..':
components[i] = ''
i = i + 1
rv = ':' + ':'.join(components)
# and finally unquote slashes and other funny characters
return urllib.parse.unquote(rv)
def pathname2url(pathname):
"""OS-specific conversion from a file system path to a relative URL
of the 'file' scheme; not recommended for general use."""
if '/' in pathname:
raise RuntimeError("Cannot convert pathname containing slashes")
components = pathname.split(':')
# Remove empty first and/or last component
if components[0] == '':
del components[0]
if components[-1] == '':
del components[-1]
# Replace empty string ('::') by .. (will result in '/../' later)
for i in range(len(components)):
if components[i] == '':
components[i] = '..'
# Truncate names longer than 31 bytes
components = map(_pncomp2url, components)
if os.path.isabs(pathname):
return '/' + '/'.join(components)
else:
return '/'.join(components)
def _pncomp2url(component):
# We want to quote slashes
return urllib.parse.quote(component[:31], safe='')
#! /usr/libexec/platform-python
"""An RFC 5321 smtp proxy with optional RFC 1870 and RFC 6531 extensions.
Usage: %(program)s [options] [localhost:localport [remotehost:remoteport]]
Options:
--nosetuid
-n
This program generally tries to setuid `nobody', unless this flag is
set. The setuid call will fail if this program is not run as root (in
which case, use this flag).
--version
-V
Print the version number and exit.
--class classname
-c classname
Use `classname' as the concrete SMTP proxy class. Uses `PureProxy' by
default.
--size limit
-s limit
Restrict the total size of the incoming message to "limit" number of
bytes via the RFC 1870 SIZE extension. Defaults to 33554432 bytes.
--smtputf8
-u
Enable the SMTPUTF8 extension and behave as an RFC 6531 smtp proxy.
--debug
-d
Turn on debugging prints.
--help
-h
Print this message and exit.
Version: %(__version__)s
If localhost is not given then `localhost' is used, and if localport is not
given then 8025 is used. If remotehost is not given then `localhost' is used,
and if remoteport is not given, then 25 is used.
"""
# Overview:
#
# This file implements the minimal SMTP protocol as defined in RFC 5321. It
# has a hierarchy of classes which implement the backend functionality for the
# smtpd. A number of classes are provided:
#
# SMTPServer - the base class for the backend. Raises NotImplementedError
# if you try to use it.
#
# DebuggingServer - simply prints each message it receives on stdout.
#
# PureProxy - Proxies all messages to a real smtpd which does final
# delivery. One known problem with this class is that it doesn't handle
# SMTP errors from the backend server at all. This should be fixed
# (contributions are welcome!).
#
# MailmanProxy - An experimental hack to work with GNU Mailman
# <www.list.org>. Using this server as your real incoming smtpd, your
# mailhost will automatically recognize and accept mail destined to Mailman
# lists when those lists are created. Every message not destined for a list
# gets forwarded to a real backend smtpd, as with PureProxy. Again, errors
# are not handled correctly yet.
#
#
# Author: Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>
#
# TODO:
#
# - support mailbox delivery
# - alias files
# - Handle more ESMTP extensions
# - handle error codes from the backend smtpd
import sys
import os
import errno
import getopt
import time
import socket
import asyncore
import asynchat
import collections
from warnings import warn
from email._header_value_parser import get_addr_spec, get_angle_addr
__all__ = [
"SMTPChannel", "SMTPServer", "DebuggingServer", "PureProxy",
"MailmanProxy",
]
program = sys.argv[0]
__version__ = 'Python SMTP proxy version 0.3'
class Devnull:
def write(self, msg): pass
def flush(self): pass
DEBUGSTREAM = Devnull()
NEWLINE = '\n'
COMMASPACE = ', '
DATA_SIZE_DEFAULT = 33554432
def usage(code, msg=''):
print(__doc__ % globals(), file=sys.stderr)
if msg:
print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
sys.exit(code)
class SMTPChannel(asynchat.async_chat):
COMMAND = 0
DATA = 1
command_size_limit = 512
command_size_limits = collections.defaultdict(lambda x=command_size_limit: x)
@property
def max_command_size_limit(self):
try:
return max(self.command_size_limits.values())
except ValueError:
return self.command_size_limit
def __init__(self, server, conn, addr, data_size_limit=DATA_SIZE_DEFAULT,
map=None, enable_SMTPUTF8=False, decode_data=False):
asynchat.async_chat.__init__(self, conn, map=map)
self.smtp_server = server
self.conn = conn
self.addr = addr
self.data_size_limit = data_size_limit
self.enable_SMTPUTF8 = enable_SMTPUTF8
self._decode_data = decode_data
if enable_SMTPUTF8 and decode_data:
raise ValueError("decode_data and enable_SMTPUTF8 cannot"
" be set to True at the same time")
if decode_data:
self._emptystring = ''
self._linesep = '\r\n'
self._dotsep = '.'
self._newline = NEWLINE
else:
self._emptystring = b''
self._linesep = b'\r\n'
self._dotsep = ord(b'.')
self._newline = b'\n'
self._set_rset_state()
self.seen_greeting = ''
self.extended_smtp = False
self.command_size_limits.clear()
self.fqdn = socket.getfqdn()
try:
self.peer = conn.getpeername()
except OSError as err:
# a race condition may occur if the other end is closing
# before we can get the peername
self.close()
if err.args[0] != errno.ENOTCONN:
raise
return
print('Peer:', repr(self.peer), file=DEBUGSTREAM)
self.push('220 %s %s' % (self.fqdn, __version__))
def _set_post_data_state(self):
"""Reset state variables to their post-DATA state."""
self.smtp_state = self.COMMAND
self.mailfrom = None
self.rcpttos = []
self.require_SMTPUTF8 = False
self.num_bytes = 0
self.set_terminator(b'\r\n')
def _set_rset_state(self):
"""Reset all state variables except the greeting."""
self._set_post_data_state()
self.received_data = ''
self.received_lines = []
# properties for backwards-compatibility
@property
def __server(self):
warn("Access to __server attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"use 'smtp_server' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
return self.smtp_server
@__server.setter
def __server(self, value):
warn("Setting __server attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"set 'smtp_server' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
self.smtp_server = value
@property
def __line(self):
warn("Access to __line attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"use 'received_lines' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
return self.received_lines
@__line.setter
def __line(self, value):
warn("Setting __line attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"set 'received_lines' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
self.received_lines = value
@property
def __state(self):
warn("Access to __state attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"use 'smtp_state' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
return self.smtp_state
@__state.setter
def __state(self, value):
warn("Setting __state attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"set 'smtp_state' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
self.smtp_state = value
@property
def __greeting(self):
warn("Access to __greeting attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"use 'seen_greeting' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
return self.seen_greeting
@__greeting.setter
def __greeting(self, value):
warn("Setting __greeting attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"set 'seen_greeting' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
self.seen_greeting = value
@property
def __mailfrom(self):
warn("Access to __mailfrom attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"use 'mailfrom' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
return self.mailfrom
@__mailfrom.setter
def __mailfrom(self, value):
warn("Setting __mailfrom attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"set 'mailfrom' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
self.mailfrom = value
@property
def __rcpttos(self):
warn("Access to __rcpttos attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"use 'rcpttos' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
return self.rcpttos
@__rcpttos.setter
def __rcpttos(self, value):
warn("Setting __rcpttos attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"set 'rcpttos' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
self.rcpttos = value
@property
def __data(self):
warn("Access to __data attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"use 'received_data' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
return self.received_data
@__data.setter
def __data(self, value):
warn("Setting __data attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"set 'received_data' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
self.received_data = value
@property
def __fqdn(self):
warn("Access to __fqdn attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"use 'fqdn' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
return self.fqdn
@__fqdn.setter
def __fqdn(self, value):
warn("Setting __fqdn attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"set 'fqdn' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
self.fqdn = value
@property
def __peer(self):
warn("Access to __peer attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"use 'peer' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
return self.peer
@__peer.setter
def __peer(self, value):
warn("Setting __peer attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"set 'peer' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
self.peer = value
@property
def __conn(self):
warn("Access to __conn attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"use 'conn' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
return self.conn
@__conn.setter
def __conn(self, value):
warn("Setting __conn attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"set 'conn' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
self.conn = value
@property
def __addr(self):
warn("Access to __addr attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"use 'addr' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
return self.addr
@__addr.setter
def __addr(self, value):
warn("Setting __addr attribute on SMTPChannel is deprecated, "
"set 'addr' instead", DeprecationWarning, 2)
self.addr = value
# Overrides base class for convenience.
def push(self, msg):
asynchat.async_chat.push(self, bytes(
msg + '\r\n', 'utf-8' if self.require_SMTPUTF8 else 'ascii'))
# Implementation of base class abstract method
def collect_incoming_data(self, data):
limit = None
if self.smtp_state == self.COMMAND:
limit = self.max_command_size_limit
elif self.smtp_state == self.DATA:
limit = self.data_size_limit
if limit and self.num_bytes > limit:
return
elif limit:
self.num_bytes += len(data)
if self._decode_data:
self.received_lines.append(str(data, 'utf-8'))
else:
self.received_lines.append(data)
# Implementation of base class abstract method
def found_terminator(self):
line = self._emptystring.join(self.received_lines)
print('Data:', repr(line), file=DEBUGSTREAM)
self.received_lines = []
if self.smtp_state == self.COMMAND:
sz, self.num_bytes = self.num_bytes, 0
if not line:
self.push('500 Error: bad syntax')
return
if not self._decode_data:
line = str(line, 'utf-8')
i = line.find(' ')
if i < 0:
command = line.upper()
arg = None
else:
command = line[:i].upper()
arg = line[i+1:].strip()
max_sz = (self.command_size_limits[command]
if self.extended_smtp else self.command_size_limit)
if sz > max_sz:
self.push('500 Error: line too long')
return
method = getattr(self, 'smtp_' + command, None)
if not method:
self.push('500 Error: command "%s" not recognized' % command)
return
method(arg)
return
else:
if self.smtp_state != self.DATA:
self.push('451 Internal confusion')
self.num_bytes = 0
return
if self.data_size_limit and self.num_bytes > self.data_size_limit:
self.push('552 Error: Too much mail data')
self.num_bytes = 0
return
# Remove extraneous carriage returns and de-transparency according
# to RFC 5321, Section 4.5.2.
data = []
for text in line.split(self._linesep):
if text and text[0] == self._dotsep:
data.append(text[1:])
else:
data.append(text)
self.received_data = self._newline.join(data)
args = (self.peer, self.mailfrom, self.rcpttos, self.received_data)
kwargs = {}
if not self._decode_data:
kwargs = {
'mail_options': self.mail_options,
'rcpt_options': self.rcpt_options,
}
status = self.smtp_server.process_message(*args, **kwargs)
self._set_post_data_state()
if not status:
self.push('250 OK')
else:
self.push(status)
# SMTP and ESMTP commands
def smtp_HELO(self, arg):
if not arg:
self.push('501 Syntax: HELO hostname')
return
# See issue #21783 for a discussion of this behavior.
if self.seen_greeting:
self.push('503 Duplicate HELO/EHLO')
return
self._set_rset_state()
self.seen_greeting = arg
self.push('250 %s' % self.fqdn)
def smtp_EHLO(self, arg):
if not arg:
self.push('501 Syntax: EHLO hostname')
return
# See issue #21783 for a discussion of this behavior.
if self.seen_greeting:
self.push('503 Duplicate HELO/EHLO')
return
self._set_rset_state()
self.seen_greeting = arg
self.extended_smtp = True
self.push('250-%s' % self.fqdn)
if self.data_size_limit:
self.push('250-SIZE %s' % self.data_size_limit)
self.command_size_limits['MAIL'] += 26
if not self._decode_data:
self.push('250-8BITMIME')
if self.enable_SMTPUTF8:
self.push('250-SMTPUTF8')
self.command_size_limits['MAIL'] += 10
self.push('250 HELP')
def smtp_NOOP(self, arg):
if arg:
self.push('501 Syntax: NOOP')
else:
self.push('250 OK')
def smtp_QUIT(self, arg):
# args is ignored
self.push('221 Bye')
self.close_when_done()
def _strip_command_keyword(self, keyword, arg):
keylen = len(keyword)
if arg[:keylen].upper() == keyword:
return arg[keylen:].strip()
return ''
def _getaddr(self, arg):
if not arg:
return '', ''
if arg.lstrip().startswith('<'):
address, rest = get_angle_addr(arg)
else:
address, rest = get_addr_spec(arg)
if not address:
return address, rest
return address.addr_spec, rest
def _getparams(self, params):
# Return params as dictionary. Return None if not all parameters
# appear to be syntactically valid according to RFC 1869.
result = {}
for param in params:
param, eq, value = param.partition('=')
if not param.isalnum() or eq and not value:
return None
result[param] = value if eq else True
return result
def smtp_HELP(self, arg):
if arg:
extended = ' [SP <mail-parameters>]'
lc_arg = arg.upper()
if lc_arg == 'EHLO':
self.push('250 Syntax: EHLO hostname')
elif lc_arg == 'HELO':
self.push('250 Syntax: HELO hostname')
elif lc_arg == 'MAIL':
msg = '250 Syntax: MAIL FROM: <address>'
if self.extended_smtp:
msg += extended
self.push(msg)
elif lc_arg == 'RCPT':
msg = '250 Syntax: RCPT TO: <address>'
if self.extended_smtp:
msg += extended
self.push(msg)
elif lc_arg == 'DATA':
self.push('250 Syntax: DATA')
elif lc_arg == 'RSET':
self.push('250 Syntax: RSET')
elif lc_arg == 'NOOP':
self.push('250 Syntax: NOOP')
elif lc_arg == 'QUIT':
self.push('250 Syntax: QUIT')
elif lc_arg == 'VRFY':
self.push('250 Syntax: VRFY <address>')
else:
self.push('501 Supported commands: EHLO HELO MAIL RCPT '
'DATA RSET NOOP QUIT VRFY')
else:
self.push('250 Supported commands: EHLO HELO MAIL RCPT DATA '
'RSET NOOP QUIT VRFY')
def smtp_VRFY(self, arg):
if arg:
address, params = self._getaddr(arg)
if address:
self.push('252 Cannot VRFY user, but will accept message '
'and attempt delivery')
else:
self.push('502 Could not VRFY %s' % arg)
else:
self.push('501 Syntax: VRFY <address>')
def smtp_MAIL(self, arg):
if not self.seen_greeting:
self.push('503 Error: send HELO first')
return
print('===> MAIL', arg, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
syntaxerr = '501 Syntax: MAIL FROM: <address>'
if self.extended_smtp:
syntaxerr += ' [SP <mail-parameters>]'
if arg is None:
self.push(syntaxerr)
return
arg = self._strip_command_keyword('FROM:', arg)
address, params = self._getaddr(arg)
if not address:
self.push(syntaxerr)
return
if not self.extended_smtp and params:
self.push(syntaxerr)
return
if self.mailfrom:
self.push('503 Error: nested MAIL command')
return
self.mail_options = params.upper().split()
params = self._getparams(self.mail_options)
if params is None:
self.push(syntaxerr)
return
if not self._decode_data:
body = params.pop('BODY', '7BIT')
if body not in ['7BIT', '8BITMIME']:
self.push('501 Error: BODY can only be one of 7BIT, 8BITMIME')
return
if self.enable_SMTPUTF8:
smtputf8 = params.pop('SMTPUTF8', False)
if smtputf8 is True:
self.require_SMTPUTF8 = True
elif smtputf8 is not False:
self.push('501 Error: SMTPUTF8 takes no arguments')
return
size = params.pop('SIZE', None)
if size:
if not size.isdigit():
self.push(syntaxerr)
return
elif self.data_size_limit and int(size) > self.data_size_limit:
self.push('552 Error: message size exceeds fixed maximum message size')
return
if len(params.keys()) > 0:
self.push('555 MAIL FROM parameters not recognized or not implemented')
return
self.mailfrom = address
print('sender:', self.mailfrom, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
self.push('250 OK')
def smtp_RCPT(self, arg):
if not self.seen_greeting:
self.push('503 Error: send HELO first');
return
print('===> RCPT', arg, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
if not self.mailfrom:
self.push('503 Error: need MAIL command')
return
syntaxerr = '501 Syntax: RCPT TO: <address>'
if self.extended_smtp:
syntaxerr += ' [SP <mail-parameters>]'
if arg is None:
self.push(syntaxerr)
return
arg = self._strip_command_keyword('TO:', arg)
address, params = self._getaddr(arg)
if not address:
self.push(syntaxerr)
return
if not self.extended_smtp and params:
self.push(syntaxerr)
return
self.rcpt_options = params.upper().split()
params = self._getparams(self.rcpt_options)
if params is None:
self.push(syntaxerr)
return
# XXX currently there are no options we recognize.
if len(params.keys()) > 0:
self.push('555 RCPT TO parameters not recognized or not implemented')
return
self.rcpttos.append(address)
print('recips:', self.rcpttos, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
self.push('250 OK')
def smtp_RSET(self, arg):
if arg:
self.push('501 Syntax: RSET')
return
self._set_rset_state()
self.push('250 OK')
def smtp_DATA(self, arg):
if not self.seen_greeting:
self.push('503 Error: send HELO first');
return
if not self.rcpttos:
self.push('503 Error: need RCPT command')
return
if arg:
self.push('501 Syntax: DATA')
return
self.smtp_state = self.DATA
self.set_terminator(b'\r\n.\r\n')
self.push('354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>')
# Commands that have not been implemented
def smtp_EXPN(self, arg):
self.push('502 EXPN not implemented')
class SMTPServer(asyncore.dispatcher):
# SMTPChannel class to use for managing client connections
channel_class = SMTPChannel
def __init__(self, localaddr, remoteaddr,
data_size_limit=DATA_SIZE_DEFAULT, map=None,
enable_SMTPUTF8=False, decode_data=False):
self._localaddr = localaddr
self._remoteaddr = remoteaddr
self.data_size_limit = data_size_limit
self.enable_SMTPUTF8 = enable_SMTPUTF8
self._decode_data = decode_data
if enable_SMTPUTF8 and decode_data:
raise ValueError("decode_data and enable_SMTPUTF8 cannot"
" be set to True at the same time")
asyncore.dispatcher.__init__(self, map=map)
try:
gai_results = socket.getaddrinfo(*localaddr,
type=socket.SOCK_STREAM)
self.create_socket(gai_results[0][0], gai_results[0][1])
# try to re-use a server port if possible
self.set_reuse_addr()
self.bind(localaddr)
self.listen(5)
except:
self.close()
raise
else:
print('%s started at %s\n\tLocal addr: %s\n\tRemote addr:%s' % (
self.__class__.__name__, time.ctime(time.time()),
localaddr, remoteaddr), file=DEBUGSTREAM)
def handle_accepted(self, conn, addr):
print('Incoming connection from %s' % repr(addr), file=DEBUGSTREAM)
channel = self.channel_class(self,
conn,
addr,
self.data_size_limit,
self._map,
self.enable_SMTPUTF8,
self._decode_data)
# API for "doing something useful with the message"
def process_message(self, peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data, **kwargs):
"""Override this abstract method to handle messages from the client.
peer is a tuple containing (ipaddr, port) of the client that made the
socket connection to our smtp port.
mailfrom is the raw address the client claims the message is coming
from.
rcpttos is a list of raw addresses the client wishes to deliver the
message to.
data is a string containing the entire full text of the message,
headers (if supplied) and all. It has been `de-transparencied'
according to RFC 821, Section 4.5.2. In other words, a line
containing a `.' followed by other text has had the leading dot
removed.
kwargs is a dictionary containing additional information. It is
empty if decode_data=True was given as init parameter, otherwise
it will contain the following keys:
'mail_options': list of parameters to the mail command. All
elements are uppercase strings. Example:
['BODY=8BITMIME', 'SMTPUTF8'].
'rcpt_options': same, for the rcpt command.
This function should return None for a normal `250 Ok' response;
otherwise, it should return the desired response string in RFC 821
format.
"""
raise NotImplementedError
class DebuggingServer(SMTPServer):
def _print_message_content(self, peer, data):
inheaders = 1
lines = data.splitlines()
for line in lines:
# headers first
if inheaders and not line:
peerheader = 'X-Peer: ' + peer[0]
if not isinstance(data, str):
# decoded_data=false; make header match other binary output
peerheader = repr(peerheader.encode('utf-8'))
print(peerheader)
inheaders = 0
if not isinstance(data, str):
# Avoid spurious 'str on bytes instance' warning.
line = repr(line)
print(line)
def process_message(self, peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data, **kwargs):
print('---------- MESSAGE FOLLOWS ----------')
if kwargs:
if kwargs.get('mail_options'):
print('mail options: %s' % kwargs['mail_options'])
if kwargs.get('rcpt_options'):
print('rcpt options: %s\n' % kwargs['rcpt_options'])
self._print_message_content(peer, data)
print('------------ END MESSAGE ------------')
class PureProxy(SMTPServer):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
if 'enable_SMTPUTF8' in kwargs and kwargs['enable_SMTPUTF8']:
raise ValueError("PureProxy does not support SMTPUTF8.")
super(PureProxy, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
def process_message(self, peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data):
lines = data.split('\n')
# Look for the last header
i = 0
for line in lines:
if not line:
break
i += 1
lines.insert(i, 'X-Peer: %s' % peer[0])
data = NEWLINE.join(lines)
refused = self._deliver(mailfrom, rcpttos, data)
# TBD: what to do with refused addresses?
print('we got some refusals:', refused, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
def _deliver(self, mailfrom, rcpttos, data):
import smtplib
refused = {}
try:
s = smtplib.SMTP()
s.connect(self._remoteaddr[0], self._remoteaddr[1])
try:
refused = s.sendmail(mailfrom, rcpttos, data)
finally:
s.quit()
except smtplib.SMTPRecipientsRefused as e:
print('got SMTPRecipientsRefused', file=DEBUGSTREAM)
refused = e.recipients
except (OSError, smtplib.SMTPException) as e:
print('got', e.__class__, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
# All recipients were refused. If the exception had an associated
# error code, use it. Otherwise,fake it with a non-triggering
# exception code.
errcode = getattr(e, 'smtp_code', -1)
errmsg = getattr(e, 'smtp_error', 'ignore')
for r in rcpttos:
refused[r] = (errcode, errmsg)
return refused
class MailmanProxy(PureProxy):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
if 'enable_SMTPUTF8' in kwargs and kwargs['enable_SMTPUTF8']:
raise ValueError("MailmanProxy does not support SMTPUTF8.")
super(PureProxy, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
def process_message(self, peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data):
from io import StringIO
from Mailman import Utils
from Mailman import Message
from Mailman import MailList
# If the message is to a Mailman mailing list, then we'll invoke the
# Mailman script directly, without going through the real smtpd.
# Otherwise we'll forward it to the local proxy for disposition.
listnames = []
for rcpt in rcpttos:
local = rcpt.lower().split('@')[0]
# We allow the following variations on the theme
# listname
# listname-admin
# listname-owner
# listname-request
# listname-join
# listname-leave
parts = local.split('-')
if len(parts) > 2:
continue
listname = parts[0]
if len(parts) == 2:
command = parts[1]
else:
command = ''
if not Utils.list_exists(listname) or command not in (
'', 'admin', 'owner', 'request', 'join', 'leave'):
continue
listnames.append((rcpt, listname, command))
# Remove all list recipients from rcpttos and forward what we're not
# going to take care of ourselves. Linear removal should be fine
# since we don't expect a large number of recipients.
for rcpt, listname, command in listnames:
rcpttos.remove(rcpt)
# If there's any non-list destined recipients left,
print('forwarding recips:', ' '.join(rcpttos), file=DEBUGSTREAM)
if rcpttos:
refused = self._deliver(mailfrom, rcpttos, data)
# TBD: what to do with refused addresses?
print('we got refusals:', refused, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
# Now deliver directly to the list commands
mlists = {}
s = StringIO(data)
msg = Message.Message(s)
# These headers are required for the proper execution of Mailman. All
# MTAs in existence seem to add these if the original message doesn't
# have them.
if not msg.get('from'):
msg['From'] = mailfrom
if not msg.get('date'):
msg['Date'] = time.ctime(time.time())
for rcpt, listname, command in listnames:
print('sending message to', rcpt, file=DEBUGSTREAM)
mlist = mlists.get(listname)
if not mlist:
mlist = MailList.MailList(listname, lock=0)
mlists[listname] = mlist
# dispatch on the type of command
if command == '':
# post
msg.Enqueue(mlist, tolist=1)
elif command == 'admin':
msg.Enqueue(mlist, toadmin=1)
elif command == 'owner':
msg.Enqueue(mlist, toowner=1)
elif command == 'request':
msg.Enqueue(mlist, torequest=1)
elif command in ('join', 'leave'):
# TBD: this is a hack!
if command == 'join':
msg['Subject'] = 'subscribe'
else:
msg['Subject'] = 'unsubscribe'
msg.Enqueue(mlist, torequest=1)
class Options:
setuid = True
classname = 'PureProxy'
size_limit = None
enable_SMTPUTF8 = False
def parseargs():
global DEBUGSTREAM
try:
opts, args = getopt.getopt(
sys.argv[1:], 'nVhc:s:du',
['class=', 'nosetuid', 'version', 'help', 'size=', 'debug',
'smtputf8'])
except getopt.error as e:
usage(1, e)
options = Options()
for opt, arg in opts:
if opt in ('-h', '--help'):
usage(0)
elif opt in ('-V', '--version'):
print(__version__)
sys.exit(0)
elif opt in ('-n', '--nosetuid'):
options.setuid = False
elif opt in ('-c', '--class'):
options.classname = arg
elif opt in ('-d', '--debug'):
DEBUGSTREAM = sys.stderr
elif opt in ('-u', '--smtputf8'):
options.enable_SMTPUTF8 = True
elif opt in ('-s', '--size'):
try:
int_size = int(arg)
options.size_limit = int_size
except:
print('Invalid size: ' + arg, file=sys.stderr)
sys.exit(1)
# parse the rest of the arguments
if len(args) < 1:
localspec = 'localhost:8025'
remotespec = 'localhost:25'
elif len(args) < 2:
localspec = args[0]
remotespec = 'localhost:25'
elif len(args) < 3:
localspec = args[0]
remotespec = args[1]
else:
usage(1, 'Invalid arguments: %s' % COMMASPACE.join(args))
# split into host/port pairs
i = localspec.find(':')
if i < 0:
usage(1, 'Bad local spec: %s' % localspec)
options.localhost = localspec[:i]
try:
options.localport = int(localspec[i+1:])
except ValueError:
usage(1, 'Bad local port: %s' % localspec)
i = remotespec.find(':')
if i < 0:
usage(1, 'Bad remote spec: %s' % remotespec)
options.remotehost = remotespec[:i]
try:
options.remoteport = int(remotespec[i+1:])
except ValueError:
usage(1, 'Bad remote port: %s' % remotespec)
return options
if __name__ == '__main__':
options = parseargs()
# Become nobody
classname = options.classname
if "." in classname:
lastdot = classname.rfind(".")
mod = __import__(classname[:lastdot], globals(), locals(), [""])
classname = classname[lastdot+1:]
else:
import __main__ as mod
class_ = getattr(mod, classname)
proxy = class_((options.localhost, options.localport),
(options.remotehost, options.remoteport),
options.size_limit, enable_SMTPUTF8=options.enable_SMTPUTF8)
if options.setuid:
try:
import pwd
except ImportError:
print('Cannot import module "pwd"; try running with -n option.', file=sys.stderr)
sys.exit(1)
nobody = pwd.getpwnam('nobody')[2]
try:
os.setuid(nobody)
except PermissionError:
print('Cannot setuid "nobody"; try running with -n option.', file=sys.stderr)
sys.exit(1)
try:
asyncore.loop()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
# This file is generated by mkstringprep.py. DO NOT EDIT.
"""Library that exposes various tables found in the StringPrep RFC 3454.
There are two kinds of tables: sets, for which a member test is provided,
and mappings, for which a mapping function is provided.
"""
from unicodedata import ucd_3_2_0 as unicodedata
assert unicodedata.unidata_version == '3.2.0'
def in_table_a1(code):
if unicodedata.category(code) != 'Cn': return False
c = ord(code)
if 0xFDD0 <= c < 0xFDF0: return False
return (c & 0xFFFF) not in (0xFFFE, 0xFFFF)
b1_set = set([173, 847, 6150, 6155, 6156, 6157, 8203, 8204, 8205, 8288, 65279] + list(range(65024,65040)))
def in_table_b1(code):
return ord(code) in b1_set
b3_exceptions = {
0xb5:'\u03bc', 0xdf:'ss', 0x130:'i\u0307', 0x149:'\u02bcn',
0x17f:'s', 0x1f0:'j\u030c', 0x345:'\u03b9', 0x37a:' \u03b9',
0x390:'\u03b9\u0308\u0301', 0x3b0:'\u03c5\u0308\u0301', 0x3c2:'\u03c3', 0x3d0:'\u03b2',
0x3d1:'\u03b8', 0x3d2:'\u03c5', 0x3d3:'\u03cd', 0x3d4:'\u03cb',
0x3d5:'\u03c6', 0x3d6:'\u03c0', 0x3f0:'\u03ba', 0x3f1:'\u03c1',
0x3f2:'\u03c3', 0x3f5:'\u03b5', 0x587:'\u0565\u0582', 0x1e96:'h\u0331',
0x1e97:'t\u0308', 0x1e98:'w\u030a', 0x1e99:'y\u030a', 0x1e9a:'a\u02be',
0x1e9b:'\u1e61', 0x1f50:'\u03c5\u0313', 0x1f52:'\u03c5\u0313\u0300', 0x1f54:'\u03c5\u0313\u0301',
0x1f56:'\u03c5\u0313\u0342', 0x1f80:'\u1f00\u03b9', 0x1f81:'\u1f01\u03b9', 0x1f82:'\u1f02\u03b9',
0x1f83:'\u1f03\u03b9', 0x1f84:'\u1f04\u03b9', 0x1f85:'\u1f05\u03b9', 0x1f86:'\u1f06\u03b9',
0x1f87:'\u1f07\u03b9', 0x1f88:'\u1f00\u03b9', 0x1f89:'\u1f01\u03b9', 0x1f8a:'\u1f02\u03b9',
0x1f8b:'\u1f03\u03b9', 0x1f8c:'\u1f04\u03b9', 0x1f8d:'\u1f05\u03b9', 0x1f8e:'\u1f06\u03b9',
0x1f8f:'\u1f07\u03b9', 0x1f90:'\u1f20\u03b9', 0x1f91:'\u1f21\u03b9', 0x1f92:'\u1f22\u03b9',
0x1f93:'\u1f23\u03b9', 0x1f94:'\u1f24\u03b9', 0x1f95:'\u1f25\u03b9', 0x1f96:'\u1f26\u03b9',
0x1f97:'\u1f27\u03b9', 0x1f98:'\u1f20\u03b9', 0x1f99:'\u1f21\u03b9', 0x1f9a:'\u1f22\u03b9',
0x1f9b:'\u1f23\u03b9', 0x1f9c:'\u1f24\u03b9', 0x1f9d:'\u1f25\u03b9', 0x1f9e:'\u1f26\u03b9',
0x1f9f:'\u1f27\u03b9', 0x1fa0:'\u1f60\u03b9', 0x1fa1:'\u1f61\u03b9', 0x1fa2:'\u1f62\u03b9',
0x1fa3:'\u1f63\u03b9', 0x1fa4:'\u1f64\u03b9', 0x1fa5:'\u1f65\u03b9', 0x1fa6:'\u1f66\u03b9',
0x1fa7:'\u1f67\u03b9', 0x1fa8:'\u1f60\u03b9', 0x1fa9:'\u1f61\u03b9', 0x1faa:'\u1f62\u03b9',
0x1fab:'\u1f63\u03b9', 0x1fac:'\u1f64\u03b9', 0x1fad:'\u1f65\u03b9', 0x1fae:'\u1f66\u03b9',
0x1faf:'\u1f67\u03b9', 0x1fb2:'\u1f70\u03b9', 0x1fb3:'\u03b1\u03b9', 0x1fb4:'\u03ac\u03b9',
0x1fb6:'\u03b1\u0342', 0x1fb7:'\u03b1\u0342\u03b9', 0x1fbc:'\u03b1\u03b9', 0x1fbe:'\u03b9',
0x1fc2:'\u1f74\u03b9', 0x1fc3:'\u03b7\u03b9', 0x1fc4:'\u03ae\u03b9', 0x1fc6:'\u03b7\u0342',
0x1fc7:'\u03b7\u0342\u03b9', 0x1fcc:'\u03b7\u03b9', 0x1fd2:'\u03b9\u0308\u0300', 0x1fd3:'\u03b9\u0308\u0301',
0x1fd6:'\u03b9\u0342', 0x1fd7:'\u03b9\u0308\u0342', 0x1fe2:'\u03c5\u0308\u0300', 0x1fe3:'\u03c5\u0308\u0301',
0x1fe4:'\u03c1\u0313', 0x1fe6:'\u03c5\u0342', 0x1fe7:'\u03c5\u0308\u0342', 0x1ff2:'\u1f7c\u03b9',
0x1ff3:'\u03c9\u03b9', 0x1ff4:'\u03ce\u03b9', 0x1ff6:'\u03c9\u0342', 0x1ff7:'\u03c9\u0342\u03b9',
0x1ffc:'\u03c9\u03b9', 0x20a8:'rs', 0x2102:'c', 0x2103:'\xb0c',
0x2107:'\u025b', 0x2109:'\xb0f', 0x210b:'h', 0x210c:'h',
0x210d:'h', 0x2110:'i', 0x2111:'i', 0x2112:'l',
0x2115:'n', 0x2116:'no', 0x2119:'p', 0x211a:'q',
0x211b:'r', 0x211c:'r', 0x211d:'r', 0x2120:'sm',
0x2121:'tel', 0x2122:'tm', 0x2124:'z', 0x2128:'z',
0x212c:'b', 0x212d:'c', 0x2130:'e', 0x2131:'f',
0x2133:'m', 0x213e:'\u03b3', 0x213f:'\u03c0', 0x2145:'d',
0x3371:'hpa', 0x3373:'au', 0x3375:'ov', 0x3380:'pa',
0x3381:'na', 0x3382:'\u03bca', 0x3383:'ma', 0x3384:'ka',
0x3385:'kb', 0x3386:'mb', 0x3387:'gb', 0x338a:'pf',
0x338b:'nf', 0x338c:'\u03bcf', 0x3390:'hz', 0x3391:'khz',
0x3392:'mhz', 0x3393:'ghz', 0x3394:'thz', 0x33a9:'pa',
0x33aa:'kpa', 0x33ab:'mpa', 0x33ac:'gpa', 0x33b4:'pv',
0x33b5:'nv', 0x33b6:'\u03bcv', 0x33b7:'mv', 0x33b8:'kv',
0x33b9:'mv', 0x33ba:'pw', 0x33bb:'nw', 0x33bc:'\u03bcw',
0x33bd:'mw', 0x33be:'kw', 0x33bf:'mw', 0x33c0:'k\u03c9',
0x33c1:'m\u03c9', 0x33c3:'bq', 0x33c6:'c\u2215kg', 0x33c7:'co.',
0x33c8:'db', 0x33c9:'gy', 0x33cb:'hp', 0x33cd:'kk',
0x33ce:'km', 0x33d7:'ph', 0x33d9:'ppm', 0x33da:'pr',
0x33dc:'sv', 0x33dd:'wb', 0xfb00:'ff', 0xfb01:'fi',
0xfb02:'fl', 0xfb03:'ffi', 0xfb04:'ffl', 0xfb05:'st',
0xfb06:'st', 0xfb13:'\u0574\u0576', 0xfb14:'\u0574\u0565', 0xfb15:'\u0574\u056b',
0xfb16:'\u057e\u0576', 0xfb17:'\u0574\u056d', 0x1d400:'a', 0x1d401:'b',
0x1d402:'c', 0x1d403:'d', 0x1d404:'e', 0x1d405:'f',
0x1d406:'g', 0x1d407:'h', 0x1d408:'i', 0x1d409:'j',
0x1d40a:'k', 0x1d40b:'l', 0x1d40c:'m', 0x1d40d:'n',
0x1d40e:'o', 0x1d40f:'p', 0x1d410:'q', 0x1d411:'r',
0x1d412:'s', 0x1d413:'t', 0x1d414:'u', 0x1d415:'v',
0x1d416:'w', 0x1d417:'x', 0x1d418:'y', 0x1d419:'z',
0x1d434:'a', 0x1d435:'b', 0x1d436:'c', 0x1d437:'d',
0x1d438:'e', 0x1d439:'f', 0x1d43a:'g', 0x1d43b:'h',
0x1d43c:'i', 0x1d43d:'j', 0x1d43e:'k', 0x1d43f:'l',
0x1d440:'m', 0x1d441:'n', 0x1d442:'o', 0x1d443:'p',
0x1d444:'q', 0x1d445:'r', 0x1d446:'s', 0x1d447:'t',
0x1d448:'u', 0x1d449:'v', 0x1d44a:'w', 0x1d44b:'x',
0x1d44c:'y', 0x1d44d:'z', 0x1d468:'a', 0x1d469:'b',
0x1d46a:'c', 0x1d46b:'d', 0x1d46c:'e', 0x1d46d:'f',
0x1d46e:'g', 0x1d46f:'h', 0x1d470:'i', 0x1d471:'j',
0x1d472:'k', 0x1d473:'l', 0x1d474:'m', 0x1d475:'n',
0x1d476:'o', 0x1d477:'p', 0x1d478:'q', 0x1d479:'r',
0x1d47a:'s', 0x1d47b:'t', 0x1d47c:'u', 0x1d47d:'v',
0x1d47e:'w', 0x1d47f:'x', 0x1d480:'y', 0x1d481:'z',
0x1d49c:'a', 0x1d49e:'c', 0x1d49f:'d', 0x1d4a2:'g',
0x1d4a5:'j', 0x1d4a6:'k', 0x1d4a9:'n', 0x1d4aa:'o',
0x1d4ab:'p', 0x1d4ac:'q', 0x1d4ae:'s', 0x1d4af:'t',
0x1d4b0:'u', 0x1d4b1:'v', 0x1d4b2:'w', 0x1d4b3:'x',
0x1d4b4:'y', 0x1d4b5:'z', 0x1d4d0:'a', 0x1d4d1:'b',
0x1d4d2:'c', 0x1d4d3:'d', 0x1d4d4:'e', 0x1d4d5:'f',
0x1d4d6:'g', 0x1d4d7:'h', 0x1d4d8:'i', 0x1d4d9:'j',
0x1d4da:'k', 0x1d4db:'l', 0x1d4dc:'m', 0x1d4dd:'n',
0x1d4de:'o', 0x1d4df:'p', 0x1d4e0:'q', 0x1d4e1:'r',
0x1d4e2:'s', 0x1d4e3:'t', 0x1d4e4:'u', 0x1d4e5:'v',
0x1d4e6:'w', 0x1d4e7:'x', 0x1d4e8:'y', 0x1d4e9:'z',
0x1d504:'a', 0x1d505:'b', 0x1d507:'d', 0x1d508:'e',
0x1d509:'f', 0x1d50a:'g', 0x1d50d:'j', 0x1d50e:'k',
0x1d50f:'l', 0x1d510:'m', 0x1d511:'n', 0x1d512:'o',
0x1d513:'p', 0x1d514:'q', 0x1d516:'s', 0x1d517:'t',
0x1d518:'u', 0x1d519:'v', 0x1d51a:'w', 0x1d51b:'x',
0x1d51c:'y', 0x1d538:'a', 0x1d539:'b', 0x1d53b:'d',
0x1d53c:'e', 0x1d53d:'f', 0x1d53e:'g', 0x1d540:'i',
0x1d541:'j', 0x1d542:'k', 0x1d543:'l', 0x1d544:'m',
0x1d546:'o', 0x1d54a:'s', 0x1d54b:'t', 0x1d54c:'u',
0x1d54d:'v', 0x1d54e:'w', 0x1d54f:'x', 0x1d550:'y',
0x1d56c:'a', 0x1d56d:'b', 0x1d56e:'c', 0x1d56f:'d',
0x1d570:'e', 0x1d571:'f', 0x1d572:'g', 0x1d573:'h',
0x1d574:'i', 0x1d575:'j', 0x1d576:'k', 0x1d577:'l',
0x1d578:'m', 0x1d579:'n', 0x1d57a:'o', 0x1d57b:'p',
0x1d57c:'q', 0x1d57d:'r', 0x1d57e:'s', 0x1d57f:'t',
0x1d580:'u', 0x1d581:'v', 0x1d582:'w', 0x1d583:'x',
0x1d584:'y', 0x1d585:'z', 0x1d5a0:'a', 0x1d5a1:'b',
0x1d5a2:'c', 0x1d5a3:'d', 0x1d5a4:'e', 0x1d5a5:'f',
0x1d5a6:'g', 0x1d5a7:'h', 0x1d5a8:'i', 0x1d5a9:'j',
0x1d5aa:'k', 0x1d5ab:'l', 0x1d5ac:'m', 0x1d5ad:'n',
0x1d5ae:'o', 0x1d5af:'p', 0x1d5b0:'q', 0x1d5b1:'r',
0x1d5b2:'s', 0x1d5b3:'t', 0x1d5b4:'u', 0x1d5b5:'v',
0x1d5b6:'w', 0x1d5b7:'x', 0x1d5b8:'y', 0x1d5b9:'z',
0x1d5d4:'a', 0x1d5d5:'b', 0x1d5d6:'c', 0x1d5d7:'d',
0x1d5d8:'e', 0x1d5d9:'f', 0x1d5da:'g', 0x1d5db:'h',
0x1d5dc:'i', 0x1d5dd:'j', 0x1d5de:'k', 0x1d5df:'l',
0x1d5e0:'m', 0x1d5e1:'n', 0x1d5e2:'o', 0x1d5e3:'p',
0x1d5e4:'q', 0x1d5e5:'r', 0x1d5e6:'s', 0x1d5e7:'t',
0x1d5e8:'u', 0x1d5e9:'v', 0x1d5ea:'w', 0x1d5eb:'x',
0x1d5ec:'y', 0x1d5ed:'z', 0x1d608:'a', 0x1d609:'b',
0x1d60a:'c', 0x1d60b:'d', 0x1d60c:'e', 0x1d60d:'f',
0x1d60e:'g', 0x1d60f:'h', 0x1d610:'i', 0x1d611:'j',
0x1d612:'k', 0x1d613:'l', 0x1d614:'m', 0x1d615:'n',
0x1d616:'o', 0x1d617:'p', 0x1d618:'q', 0x1d619:'r',
0x1d61a:'s', 0x1d61b:'t', 0x1d61c:'u', 0x1d61d:'v',
0x1d61e:'w', 0x1d61f:'x', 0x1d620:'y', 0x1d621:'z',
0x1d63c:'a', 0x1d63d:'b', 0x1d63e:'c', 0x1d63f:'d',
0x1d640:'e', 0x1d641:'f', 0x1d642:'g', 0x1d643:'h',
0x1d644:'i', 0x1d645:'j', 0x1d646:'k', 0x1d647:'l',
0x1d648:'m', 0x1d649:'n', 0x1d64a:'o', 0x1d64b:'p',
0x1d64c:'q', 0x1d64d:'r', 0x1d64e:'s', 0x1d64f:'t',
0x1d650:'u', 0x1d651:'v', 0x1d652:'w', 0x1d653:'x',
0x1d654:'y', 0x1d655:'z', 0x1d670:'a', 0x1d671:'b',
0x1d672:'c', 0x1d673:'d', 0x1d674:'e', 0x1d675:'f',
0x1d676:'g', 0x1d677:'h', 0x1d678:'i', 0x1d679:'j',
0x1d67a:'k', 0x1d67b:'l', 0x1d67c:'m', 0x1d67d:'n',
0x1d67e:'o', 0x1d67f:'p', 0x1d680:'q', 0x1d681:'r',
0x1d682:'s', 0x1d683:'t', 0x1d684:'u', 0x1d685:'v',
0x1d686:'w', 0x1d687:'x', 0x1d688:'y', 0x1d689:'z',
0x1d6a8:'\u03b1', 0x1d6a9:'\u03b2', 0x1d6aa:'\u03b3', 0x1d6ab:'\u03b4',
0x1d6ac:'\u03b5', 0x1d6ad:'\u03b6', 0x1d6ae:'\u03b7', 0x1d6af:'\u03b8',
0x1d6b0:'\u03b9', 0x1d6b1:'\u03ba', 0x1d6b2:'\u03bb', 0x1d6b3:'\u03bc',
0x1d6b4:'\u03bd', 0x1d6b5:'\u03be', 0x1d6b6:'\u03bf', 0x1d6b7:'\u03c0',
0x1d6b8:'\u03c1', 0x1d6b9:'\u03b8', 0x1d6ba:'\u03c3', 0x1d6bb:'\u03c4',
0x1d6bc:'\u03c5', 0x1d6bd:'\u03c6', 0x1d6be:'\u03c7', 0x1d6bf:'\u03c8',
0x1d6c0:'\u03c9', 0x1d6d3:'\u03c3', 0x1d6e2:'\u03b1', 0x1d6e3:'\u03b2',
0x1d6e4:'\u03b3', 0x1d6e5:'\u03b4', 0x1d6e6:'\u03b5', 0x1d6e7:'\u03b6',
0x1d6e8:'\u03b7', 0x1d6e9:'\u03b8', 0x1d6ea:'\u03b9', 0x1d6eb:'\u03ba',
0x1d6ec:'\u03bb', 0x1d6ed:'\u03bc', 0x1d6ee:'\u03bd', 0x1d6ef:'\u03be',
0x1d6f0:'\u03bf', 0x1d6f1:'\u03c0', 0x1d6f2:'\u03c1', 0x1d6f3:'\u03b8',
0x1d6f4:'\u03c3', 0x1d6f5:'\u03c4', 0x1d6f6:'\u03c5', 0x1d6f7:'\u03c6',
0x1d6f8:'\u03c7', 0x1d6f9:'\u03c8', 0x1d6fa:'\u03c9', 0x1d70d:'\u03c3',
0x1d71c:'\u03b1', 0x1d71d:'\u03b2', 0x1d71e:'\u03b3', 0x1d71f:'\u03b4',
0x1d720:'\u03b5', 0x1d721:'\u03b6', 0x1d722:'\u03b7', 0x1d723:'\u03b8',
0x1d724:'\u03b9', 0x1d725:'\u03ba', 0x1d726:'\u03bb', 0x1d727:'\u03bc',
0x1d728:'\u03bd', 0x1d729:'\u03be', 0x1d72a:'\u03bf', 0x1d72b:'\u03c0',
0x1d72c:'\u03c1', 0x1d72d:'\u03b8', 0x1d72e:'\u03c3', 0x1d72f:'\u03c4',
0x1d730:'\u03c5', 0x1d731:'\u03c6', 0x1d732:'\u03c7', 0x1d733:'\u03c8',
0x1d734:'\u03c9', 0x1d747:'\u03c3', 0x1d756:'\u03b1', 0x1d757:'\u03b2',
0x1d758:'\u03b3', 0x1d759:'\u03b4', 0x1d75a:'\u03b5', 0x1d75b:'\u03b6',
0x1d75c:'\u03b7', 0x1d75d:'\u03b8', 0x1d75e:'\u03b9', 0x1d75f:'\u03ba',
0x1d760:'\u03bb', 0x1d761:'\u03bc', 0x1d762:'\u03bd', 0x1d763:'\u03be',
0x1d764:'\u03bf', 0x1d765:'\u03c0', 0x1d766:'\u03c1', 0x1d767:'\u03b8',
0x1d768:'\u03c3', 0x1d769:'\u03c4', 0x1d76a:'\u03c5', 0x1d76b:'\u03c6',
0x1d76c:'\u03c7', 0x1d76d:'\u03c8', 0x1d76e:'\u03c9', 0x1d781:'\u03c3',
0x1d790:'\u03b1', 0x1d791:'\u03b2', 0x1d792:'\u03b3', 0x1d793:'\u03b4',
0x1d794:'\u03b5', 0x1d795:'\u03b6', 0x1d796:'\u03b7', 0x1d797:'\u03b8',
0x1d798:'\u03b9', 0x1d799:'\u03ba', 0x1d79a:'\u03bb', 0x1d79b:'\u03bc',
0x1d79c:'\u03bd', 0x1d79d:'\u03be', 0x1d79e:'\u03bf', 0x1d79f:'\u03c0',
0x1d7a0:'\u03c1', 0x1d7a1:'\u03b8', 0x1d7a2:'\u03c3', 0x1d7a3:'\u03c4',
0x1d7a4:'\u03c5', 0x1d7a5:'\u03c6', 0x1d7a6:'\u03c7', 0x1d7a7:'\u03c8',
0x1d7a8:'\u03c9', 0x1d7bb:'\u03c3', }
def map_table_b3(code):
r = b3_exceptions.get(ord(code))
if r is not None: return r
return code.lower()
def map_table_b2(a):
al = map_table_b3(a)
b = unicodedata.normalize("NFKC", al)
bl = "".join([map_table_b3(ch) for ch in b])
c = unicodedata.normalize("NFKC", bl)
if b != c:
return c
else:
return al
def in_table_c11(code):
return code == " "
def in_table_c12(code):
return unicodedata.category(code) == "Zs" and code != " "
def in_table_c11_c12(code):
return unicodedata.category(code) == "Zs"
def in_table_c21(code):
return ord(code) < 128 and unicodedata.category(code) == "Cc"
c22_specials = set([1757, 1807, 6158, 8204, 8205, 8232, 8233, 65279] + list(range(8288,8292)) + list(range(8298,8304)) + list(range(65529,65533)) + list(range(119155,119163)))
def in_table_c22(code):
c = ord(code)
if c < 128: return False
if unicodedata.category(code) == "Cc": return True
return c in c22_specials
def in_table_c21_c22(code):
return unicodedata.category(code) == "Cc" or \
ord(code) in c22_specials
def in_table_c3(code):
return unicodedata.category(code) == "Co"
def in_table_c4(code):
c = ord(code)
if c < 0xFDD0: return False
if c < 0xFDF0: return True
return (ord(code) & 0xFFFF) in (0xFFFE, 0xFFFF)
def in_table_c5(code):
return unicodedata.category(code) == "Cs"
c6_set = set(range(65529,65534))
def in_table_c6(code):
return ord(code) in c6_set
c7_set = set(range(12272,12284))
def in_table_c7(code):
return ord(code) in c7_set
c8_set = set([832, 833, 8206, 8207] + list(range(8234,8239)) + list(range(8298,8304)))
def in_table_c8(code):
return ord(code) in c8_set
c9_set = set([917505] + list(range(917536,917632)))
def in_table_c9(code):
return ord(code) in c9_set
def in_table_d1(code):
return unicodedata.bidirectional(code) in ("R","AL")
def in_table_d2(code):
return unicodedata.bidirectional(code) == "L"
"""An object-oriented interface to .netrc files."""
# Module and documentation by Eric S. Raymond, 21 Dec 1998
import os, shlex, stat
__all__ = ["netrc", "NetrcParseError"]
class NetrcParseError(Exception):
"""Exception raised on syntax errors in the .netrc file."""
def __init__(self, msg, filename=None, lineno=None):
self.filename = filename
self.lineno = lineno
self.msg = msg
Exception.__init__(self, msg)
def __str__(self):
return "%s (%s, line %s)" % (self.msg, self.filename, self.lineno)
class netrc:
def __init__(self, file=None):
default_netrc = file is None
if file is None:
try:
file = os.path.join(os.environ['HOME'], ".netrc")
except KeyError:
raise OSError("Could not find .netrc: $HOME is not set")
self.hosts = {}
self.macros = {}
with open(file) as fp:
self._parse(file, fp, default_netrc)
def _parse(self, file, fp, default_netrc):
lexer = shlex.shlex(fp)
lexer.wordchars += r"""!"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~"""
lexer.commenters = lexer.commenters.replace('#', '')
while 1:
# Look for a machine, default, or macdef top-level keyword
saved_lineno = lexer.lineno
toplevel = tt = lexer.get_token()
if not tt:
break
elif tt[0] == '#':
if lexer.lineno == saved_lineno and len(tt) == 1:
lexer.instream.readline()
continue
elif tt == 'machine':
entryname = lexer.get_token()
elif tt == 'default':
entryname = 'default'
elif tt == 'macdef': # Just skip to end of macdefs
entryname = lexer.get_token()
self.macros[entryname] = []
lexer.whitespace = ' \t'
while 1:
line = lexer.instream.readline()
if not line or line == '\012':
lexer.whitespace = ' \t\r\n'
break
self.macros[entryname].append(line)
continue
else:
raise NetrcParseError(
"bad toplevel token %r" % tt, file, lexer.lineno)
# We're looking at start of an entry for a named machine or default.
login = ''
account = password = None
self.hosts[entryname] = {}
while 1:
tt = lexer.get_token()
if (tt.startswith('#') or
tt in {'', 'machine', 'default', 'macdef'}):
if password:
self.hosts[entryname] = (login, account, password)
lexer.push_token(tt)
break
else:
raise NetrcParseError(
"malformed %s entry %s terminated by %s"
% (toplevel, entryname, repr(tt)),
file, lexer.lineno)
elif tt == 'login' or tt == 'user':
login = lexer.get_token()
elif tt == 'account':
account = lexer.get_token()
elif tt == 'password':
if os.name == 'posix' and default_netrc:
prop = os.fstat(fp.fileno())
if prop.st_uid != os.getuid():
import pwd
try:
fowner = pwd.getpwuid(prop.st_uid)[0]
except KeyError:
fowner = 'uid %s' % prop.st_uid
try:
user = pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid())[0]
except KeyError:
user = 'uid %s' % os.getuid()
raise NetrcParseError(
("~/.netrc file owner (%s) does not match"
" current user (%s)") % (fowner, user),
file, lexer.lineno)
if (prop.st_mode & (stat.S_IRWXG | stat.S_IRWXO)):
raise NetrcParseError(
"~/.netrc access too permissive: access"
" permissions must restrict access to only"
" the owner", file, lexer.lineno)
password = lexer.get_token()
else:
raise NetrcParseError("bad follower token %r" % tt,
file, lexer.lineno)
def authenticators(self, host):
"""Return a (user, account, password) tuple for given host."""
if host in self.hosts:
return self.hosts[host]
elif 'default' in self.hosts:
return self.hosts['default']
else:
return None
def __repr__(self):
"""Dump the class data in the format of a .netrc file."""
rep = ""
for host in self.hosts.keys():
attrs = self.hosts[host]
rep += f"machine {host}\n\tlogin {attrs[0]}\n"
if attrs[1]:
rep += f"\taccount {attrs[1]}\n"
rep += f"\tpassword {attrs[2]}\n"
for macro in self.macros.keys():
rep += f"macdef {macro}\n"
for line in self.macros[macro]:
rep += line
rep += "\n"
return rep
if __name__ == '__main__':
print(netrc())
"""Generate Python documentation in HTML or text for interactive use.
At the Python interactive prompt, calling help(thing) on a Python object
documents the object, and calling help() starts up an interactive
help session.
Or, at the shell command line outside of Python:
Run "pydoc <name>" to show documentation on something. <name> may be
the name of a function, module, package, or a dotted reference to a
class or function within a module or module in a package. If the
argument contains a path segment delimiter (e.g. slash on Unix,
backslash on Windows) it is treated as the path to a Python source file.
Run "pydoc -k <keyword>" to search for a keyword in the synopsis lines
of all available modules.
Run "pydoc -p <port>" to start an HTTP server on the given port on the
local machine. Port number 0 can be used to get an arbitrary unused port.
Run "pydoc -b" to start an HTTP server on an arbitrary unused port and
open a Web browser to interactively browse documentation. The -p option
can be used with the -b option to explicitly specify the server port.
Run "pydoc -w <name>" to write out the HTML documentation for a module
to a file named "<name>.html".
Module docs for core modules are assumed to be in
https://docs.python.org/X.Y/library/
This can be overridden by setting the PYTHONDOCS environment variable
to a different URL or to a local directory containing the Library
Reference Manual pages.
"""
__all__ = ['help']
__author__ = "Ka-Ping Yee <ping@lfw.org>"
__date__ = "26 February 2001"
__credits__ = """Guido van Rossum, for an excellent programming language.
Tommy Burnette, the original creator of manpy.
Paul Prescod, for all his work on onlinehelp.
Richard Chamberlain, for the first implementation of textdoc.
"""
# Known bugs that can't be fixed here:
# - synopsis() cannot be prevented from clobbering existing
# loaded modules.
# - If the __file__ attribute on a module is a relative path and
# the current directory is changed with os.chdir(), an incorrect
# path will be displayed.
import builtins
import importlib._bootstrap
import importlib._bootstrap_external
import importlib.machinery
import importlib.util
import inspect
import io
import os
import pkgutil
import platform
import re
import sys
import time
import tokenize
import urllib.parse
import warnings
from collections import deque
from reprlib import Repr
from traceback import format_exception_only
# --------------------------------------------------------- common routines
def pathdirs():
"""Convert sys.path into a list of absolute, existing, unique paths."""
dirs = []
normdirs = []
for dir in sys.path:
dir = os.path.abspath(dir or '.')
normdir = os.path.normcase(dir)
if normdir not in normdirs and os.path.isdir(dir):
dirs.append(dir)
normdirs.append(normdir)
return dirs
def getdoc(object):
"""Get the doc string or comments for an object."""
result = inspect.getdoc(object) or inspect.getcomments(object)
return result and re.sub('^ *\n', '', result.rstrip()) or ''
def splitdoc(doc):
"""Split a doc string into a synopsis line (if any) and the rest."""
lines = doc.strip().split('\n')
if len(lines) == 1:
return lines[0], ''
elif len(lines) >= 2 and not lines[1].rstrip():
return lines[0], '\n'.join(lines[2:])
return '', '\n'.join(lines)
def classname(object, modname):
"""Get a class name and qualify it with a module name if necessary."""
name = object.__name__
if object.__module__ != modname:
name = object.__module__ + '.' + name
return name
def isdata(object):
"""Check if an object is of a type that probably means it's data."""
return not (inspect.ismodule(object) or inspect.isclass(object) or
inspect.isroutine(object) or inspect.isframe(object) or
inspect.istraceback(object) or inspect.iscode(object))
def replace(text, *pairs):
"""Do a series of global replacements on a string."""
while pairs:
text = pairs[1].join(text.split(pairs[0]))
pairs = pairs[2:]
return text
def cram(text, maxlen):
"""Omit part of a string if needed to make it fit in a maximum length."""
if len(text) > maxlen:
pre = max(0, (maxlen-3)//2)
post = max(0, maxlen-3-pre)
return text[:pre] + '...' + text[len(text)-post:]
return text
_re_stripid = re.compile(r' at 0x[0-9a-f]{6,16}(>+)$', re.IGNORECASE)
def stripid(text):
"""Remove the hexadecimal id from a Python object representation."""
# The behaviour of %p is implementation-dependent in terms of case.
return _re_stripid.sub(r'\1', text)
def _is_some_method(obj):
return (inspect.isfunction(obj) or
inspect.ismethod(obj) or
inspect.isbuiltin(obj) or
inspect.ismethoddescriptor(obj))
def _is_bound_method(fn):
"""
Returns True if fn is a bound method, regardless of whether
fn was implemented in Python or in C.
"""
if inspect.ismethod(fn):
return True
if inspect.isbuiltin(fn):
self = getattr(fn, '__self__', None)
return not (inspect.ismodule(self) or (self is None))
return False
def allmethods(cl):
methods = {}
for key, value in inspect.getmembers(cl, _is_some_method):
methods[key] = 1
for base in cl.__bases__:
methods.update(allmethods(base)) # all your base are belong to us
for key in methods.keys():
methods[key] = getattr(cl, key)
return methods
def _split_list(s, predicate):
"""Split sequence s via predicate, and return pair ([true], [false]).
The return value is a 2-tuple of lists,
([x for x in s if predicate(x)],
[x for x in s if not predicate(x)])
"""
yes = []
no = []
for x in s:
if predicate(x):
yes.append(x)
else:
no.append(x)
return yes, no
def visiblename(name, all=None, obj=None):
"""Decide whether to show documentation on a variable."""
# Certain special names are redundant or internal.
# XXX Remove __initializing__?
if name in {'__author__', '__builtins__', '__cached__', '__credits__',
'__date__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__spec__',
'__loader__', '__module__', '__name__', '__package__',
'__path__', '__qualname__', '__slots__', '__version__'}:
return 0
# Private names are hidden, but special names are displayed.
if name.startswith('__') and name.endswith('__'): return 1
# Namedtuples have public fields and methods with a single leading underscore
if name.startswith('_') and hasattr(obj, '_fields'):
return True
if all is not None:
# only document that which the programmer exported in __all__
return name in all
else:
return not name.startswith('_')
def classify_class_attrs(object):
"""Wrap inspect.classify_class_attrs, with fixup for data descriptors."""
results = []
for (name, kind, cls, value) in inspect.classify_class_attrs(object):
if inspect.isdatadescriptor(value):
kind = 'data descriptor'
results.append((name, kind, cls, value))
return results
def sort_attributes(attrs, object):
'Sort the attrs list in-place by _fields and then alphabetically by name'
# This allows data descriptors to be ordered according
# to a _fields attribute if present.
fields = getattr(object, '_fields', [])
try:
field_order = {name : i-len(fields) for (i, name) in enumerate(fields)}
except TypeError:
field_order = {}
keyfunc = lambda attr: (field_order.get(attr[0], 0), attr[0])
attrs.sort(key=keyfunc)
# ----------------------------------------------------- module manipulation
def ispackage(path):
"""Guess whether a path refers to a package directory."""
if os.path.isdir(path):
for ext in ('.py', '.pyc'):
if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, '__init__' + ext)):
return True
return False
def source_synopsis(file):
line = file.readline()
while line[:1] == '#' or not line.strip():
line = file.readline()
if not line: break
line = line.strip()
if line[:4] == 'r"""': line = line[1:]
if line[:3] == '"""':
line = line[3:]
if line[-1:] == '\\': line = line[:-1]
while not line.strip():
line = file.readline()
if not line: break
result = line.split('"""')[0].strip()
else: result = None
return result
def synopsis(filename, cache={}):
"""Get the one-line summary out of a module file."""
mtime = os.stat(filename).st_mtime
lastupdate, result = cache.get(filename, (None, None))
if lastupdate is None or lastupdate < mtime:
# Look for binary suffixes first, falling back to source.
if filename.endswith(tuple(importlib.machinery.BYTECODE_SUFFIXES)):
loader_cls = importlib.machinery.SourcelessFileLoader
elif filename.endswith(tuple(importlib.machinery.EXTENSION_SUFFIXES)):
loader_cls = importlib.machinery.ExtensionFileLoader
else:
loader_cls = None
# Now handle the choice.
if loader_cls is None:
# Must be a source file.
try:
file = tokenize.open(filename)
except OSError:
# module can't be opened, so skip it
return None
# text modules can be directly examined
with file:
result = source_synopsis(file)
else:
# Must be a binary module, which has to be imported.
loader = loader_cls('__temp__', filename)
# XXX We probably don't need to pass in the loader here.
spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location('__temp__', filename,
loader=loader)
try:
module = importlib._bootstrap._load(spec)
except:
return None
del sys.modules['__temp__']
result = module.__doc__.splitlines()[0] if module.__doc__ else None
# Cache the result.
cache[filename] = (mtime, result)
return result
class ErrorDuringImport(Exception):
"""Errors that occurred while trying to import something to document it."""
def __init__(self, filename, exc_info):
self.filename = filename
self.exc, self.value, self.tb = exc_info
def __str__(self):
exc = self.exc.__name__
return 'problem in %s - %s: %s' % (self.filename, exc, self.value)
def importfile(path):
"""Import a Python source file or compiled file given its path."""
magic = importlib.util.MAGIC_NUMBER
with open(path, 'rb') as file:
is_bytecode = magic == file.read(len(magic))
filename = os.path.basename(path)
name, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
if is_bytecode:
loader = importlib._bootstrap_external.SourcelessFileLoader(name, path)
else:
loader = importlib._bootstrap_external.SourceFileLoader(name, path)
# XXX We probably don't need to pass in the loader here.
spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(name, path, loader=loader)
try:
return importlib._bootstrap._load(spec)
except:
raise ErrorDuringImport(path, sys.exc_info())
def safeimport(path, forceload=0, cache={}):
"""Import a module; handle errors; return None if the module isn't found.
If the module *is* found but an exception occurs, it's wrapped in an
ErrorDuringImport exception and reraised. Unlike __import__, if a
package path is specified, the module at the end of the path is returned,
not the package at the beginning. If the optional 'forceload' argument
is 1, we reload the module from disk (unless it's a dynamic extension)."""
try:
# If forceload is 1 and the module has been previously loaded from
# disk, we always have to reload the module. Checking the file's
# mtime isn't good enough (e.g. the module could contain a class
# that inherits from another module that has changed).
if forceload and path in sys.modules:
if path not in sys.builtin_module_names:
# Remove the module from sys.modules and re-import to try
# and avoid problems with partially loaded modules.
# Also remove any submodules because they won't appear
# in the newly loaded module's namespace if they're already
# in sys.modules.
subs = [m for m in sys.modules if m.startswith(path + '.')]
for key in [path] + subs:
# Prevent garbage collection.
cache[key] = sys.modules[key]
del sys.modules[key]
module = __import__(path)
except:
# Did the error occur before or after the module was found?
(exc, value, tb) = info = sys.exc_info()
if path in sys.modules:
# An error occurred while executing the imported module.
raise ErrorDuringImport(sys.modules[path].__file__, info)
elif exc is SyntaxError:
# A SyntaxError occurred before we could execute the module.
raise ErrorDuringImport(value.filename, info)
elif issubclass(exc, ImportError) and value.name == path:
# No such module in the path.
return None
else:
# Some other error occurred during the importing process.
raise ErrorDuringImport(path, sys.exc_info())
for part in path.split('.')[1:]:
try: module = getattr(module, part)
except AttributeError: return None
return module
# ---------------------------------------------------- formatter base class
class Doc:
PYTHONDOCS = os.environ.get("PYTHONDOCS",
"https://docs.python.org/%d.%d/library"
% sys.version_info[:2])
def document(self, object, name=None, *args):
"""Generate documentation for an object."""
args = (object, name) + args
# 'try' clause is to attempt to handle the possibility that inspect
# identifies something in a way that pydoc itself has issues handling;
# think 'super' and how it is a descriptor (which raises the exception
# by lacking a __name__ attribute) and an instance.
if inspect.isgetsetdescriptor(object): return self.docdata(*args)
if inspect.ismemberdescriptor(object): return self.docdata(*args)
try:
if inspect.ismodule(object): return self.docmodule(*args)
if inspect.isclass(object): return self.docclass(*args)
if inspect.isroutine(object): return self.docroutine(*args)
except AttributeError:
pass
if isinstance(object, property): return self.docproperty(*args)
return self.docother(*args)
def fail(self, object, name=None, *args):
"""Raise an exception for unimplemented types."""
message = "don't know how to document object%s of type %s" % (
name and ' ' + repr(name), type(object).__name__)
raise TypeError(message)
docmodule = docclass = docroutine = docother = docproperty = docdata = fail
def getdocloc(self, object,
basedir=os.path.join(sys.base_exec_prefix, "lib",
"python%d.%d" % sys.version_info[:2])):
"""Return the location of module docs or None"""
try:
file = inspect.getabsfile(object)
except TypeError:
file = '(built-in)'
docloc = os.environ.get("PYTHONDOCS", self.PYTHONDOCS)
basedir = os.path.normcase(basedir)
if (isinstance(object, type(os)) and
(object.__name__ in ('errno', 'exceptions', 'gc', 'imp',
'marshal', 'posix', 'signal', 'sys',
'_thread', 'zipimport') or
(file.startswith(basedir) and
not file.startswith(os.path.join(basedir, 'site-packages')))) and
object.__name__ not in ('xml.etree', 'test.pydoc_mod')):
if docloc.startswith(("http://", "https://")):
docloc = "%s/%s" % (docloc.rstrip("/"), object.__name__.lower())
else:
docloc = os.path.join(docloc, object.__name__.lower() + ".html")
else:
docloc = None
return docloc
# -------------------------------------------- HTML documentation generator
class HTMLRepr(Repr):
"""Class for safely making an HTML representation of a Python object."""
def __init__(self):
Repr.__init__(self)
self.maxlist = self.maxtuple = 20
self.maxdict = 10
self.maxstring = self.maxother = 100
def escape(self, text):
return replace(text, '&', '&', '<', '<', '>', '>')
def repr(self, object):
return Repr.repr(self, object)
def repr1(self, x, level):
if hasattr(type(x), '__name__'):
methodname = 'repr_' + '_'.join(type(x).__name__.split())
if hasattr(self, methodname):
return getattr(self, methodname)(x, level)
return self.escape(cram(stripid(repr(x)), self.maxother))
def repr_string(self, x, level):
test = cram(x, self.maxstring)
testrepr = repr(test)
if '\\' in test and '\\' not in replace(testrepr, r'\\', ''):
# Backslashes are only literal in the string and are never
# needed to make any special characters, so show a raw string.
return 'r' + testrepr[0] + self.escape(test) + testrepr[0]
return re.sub(r'((\\[\\abfnrtv\'"]|\\[0-9]..|\\x..|\\u....)+)',
r'<font color="#c040c0">\1</font>',
self.escape(testrepr))
repr_str = repr_string
def repr_instance(self, x, level):
try:
return self.escape(cram(stripid(repr(x)), self.maxstring))
except:
return self.escape('<%s instance>' % x.__class__.__name__)
repr_unicode = repr_string
class HTMLDoc(Doc):
"""Formatter class for HTML documentation."""
# ------------------------------------------- HTML formatting utilities
_repr_instance = HTMLRepr()
repr = _repr_instance.repr
escape = _repr_instance.escape
def page(self, title, contents):
"""Format an HTML page."""
return '''\
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<html><head><title>Python: %s</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
</head><body bgcolor="#f0f0f8">
%s
</body></html>''' % (title, contents)
def heading(self, title, fgcol, bgcol, extras=''):
"""Format a page heading."""
return '''
<table width="100%%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=0 summary="heading">
<tr bgcolor="%s">
<td valign=bottom> <br>
<font color="%s" face="helvetica, arial"> <br>%s</font></td
><td align=right valign=bottom
><font color="%s" face="helvetica, arial">%s</font></td></tr></table>
''' % (bgcol, fgcol, title, fgcol, extras or ' ')
def section(self, title, fgcol, bgcol, contents, width=6,
prelude='', marginalia=None, gap=' '):
"""Format a section with a heading."""
if marginalia is None:
marginalia = '<tt>' + ' ' * width + '</tt>'
result = '''<p>
<table width="100%%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=0 summary="section">
<tr bgcolor="%s">
<td colspan=3 valign=bottom> <br>
<font color="%s" face="helvetica, arial">%s</font></td></tr>
''' % (bgcol, fgcol, title)
if prelude:
result = result + '''
<tr bgcolor="%s"><td rowspan=2>%s</td>
<td colspan=2>%s</td></tr>
<tr><td>%s</td>''' % (bgcol, marginalia, prelude, gap)
else:
result = result + '''
<tr><td bgcolor="%s">%s</td><td>%s</td>''' % (bgcol, marginalia, gap)
return result + '\n<td width="100%%">%s</td></tr></table>' % contents
def bigsection(self, title, *args):
"""Format a section with a big heading."""
title = '<big><strong>%s</strong></big>' % title
return self.section(title, *args)
def preformat(self, text):
"""Format literal preformatted text."""
text = self.escape(text.expandtabs())
return replace(text, '\n\n', '\n \n', '\n\n', '\n \n',
' ', ' ', '\n', '<br>\n')
def multicolumn(self, list, format, cols=4):
"""Format a list of items into a multi-column list."""
result = ''
rows = (len(list)+cols-1)//cols
for col in range(cols):
result = result + '<td width="%d%%" valign=top>' % (100//cols)
for i in range(rows*col, rows*col+rows):
if i < len(list):
result = result + format(list[i]) + '<br>\n'
result = result + '</td>'
return '<table width="100%%" summary="list"><tr>%s</tr></table>' % result
def grey(self, text): return '<font color="#909090">%s</font>' % text
def namelink(self, name, *dicts):
"""Make a link for an identifier, given name-to-URL mappings."""
for dict in dicts:
if name in dict:
return '<a href="%s">%s</a>' % (dict[name], name)
return name
def classlink(self, object, modname):
"""Make a link for a class."""
name, module = object.__name__, sys.modules.get(object.__module__)
if hasattr(module, name) and getattr(module, name) is object:
return '<a href="%s.html#%s">%s</a>' % (
module.__name__, name, classname(object, modname))
return classname(object, modname)
def modulelink(self, object):
"""Make a link for a module."""
return '<a href="%s.html">%s</a>' % (object.__name__, object.__name__)
def modpkglink(self, modpkginfo):
"""Make a link for a module or package to display in an index."""
name, path, ispackage, shadowed = modpkginfo
if shadowed:
return self.grey(name)
if path:
url = '%s.%s.html' % (path, name)
else:
url = '%s.html' % name
if ispackage:
text = '<strong>%s</strong> (package)' % name
else:
text = name
return '<a href="%s">%s</a>' % (url, text)
def filelink(self, url, path):
"""Make a link to source file."""
return '<a href="file:%s">%s</a>' % (url, path)
def markup(self, text, escape=None, funcs={}, classes={}, methods={}):
"""Mark up some plain text, given a context of symbols to look for.
Each context dictionary maps object names to anchor names."""
escape = escape or self.escape
results = []
here = 0
pattern = re.compile(r'\b((http|ftp)://\S+[\w/]|'
r'RFC[- ]?(\d+)|'
r'PEP[- ]?(\d+)|'
r'(self\.)?(\w+))')
while True:
match = pattern.search(text, here)
if not match: break
start, end = match.span()
results.append(escape(text[here:start]))
all, scheme, rfc, pep, selfdot, name = match.groups()
if scheme:
url = escape(all).replace('"', '"')
results.append('<a href="%s">%s</a>' % (url, url))
elif rfc:
url = 'http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc%d.txt' % int(rfc)
results.append('<a href="%s">%s</a>' % (url, escape(all)))
elif pep:
url = 'http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-%04d/' % int(pep)
results.append('<a href="%s">%s</a>' % (url, escape(all)))
elif selfdot:
# Create a link for methods like 'self.method(...)'
# and use <strong> for attributes like 'self.attr'
if text[end:end+1] == '(':
results.append('self.' + self.namelink(name, methods))
else:
results.append('self.<strong>%s</strong>' % name)
elif text[end:end+1] == '(':
results.append(self.namelink(name, methods, funcs, classes))
else:
results.append(self.namelink(name, classes))
here = end
results.append(escape(text[here:]))
return ''.join(results)
# ---------------------------------------------- type-specific routines
def formattree(self, tree, modname, parent=None):
"""Produce HTML for a class tree as given by inspect.getclasstree()."""
result = ''
for entry in tree:
if type(entry) is type(()):
c, bases = entry
result = result + '<dt><font face="helvetica, arial">'
result = result + self.classlink(c, modname)
if bases and bases != (parent,):
parents = []
for base in bases:
parents.append(self.classlink(base, modname))
result = result + '(' + ', '.join(parents) + ')'
result = result + '\n</font></dt>'
elif type(entry) is type([]):
result = result + '<dd>\n%s</dd>\n' % self.formattree(
entry, modname, c)
return '<dl>\n%s</dl>\n' % result
def docmodule(self, object, name=None, mod=None, *ignored):
"""Produce HTML documentation for a module object."""
name = object.__name__ # ignore the passed-in name
try:
all = object.__all__
except AttributeError:
all = None
parts = name.split('.')
links = []
for i in range(len(parts)-1):
links.append(
'<a href="%s.html"><font color="#ffffff">%s</font></a>' %
('.'.join(parts[:i+1]), parts[i]))
linkedname = '.'.join(links + parts[-1:])
head = '<big><big><strong>%s</strong></big></big>' % linkedname
try:
path = inspect.getabsfile(object)
url = urllib.parse.quote(path)
filelink = self.filelink(url, path)
except TypeError:
filelink = '(built-in)'
info = []
if hasattr(object, '__version__'):
version = str(object.__version__)
if version[:11] == '$' + 'Revision: ' and version[-1:] == '$':
version = version[11:-1].strip()
info.append('version %s' % self.escape(version))
if hasattr(object, '__date__'):
info.append(self.escape(str(object.__date__)))
if info:
head = head + ' (%s)' % ', '.join(info)
docloc = self.getdocloc(object)
if docloc is not None:
docloc = '<br><a href="%(docloc)s">Module Reference</a>' % locals()
else:
docloc = ''
result = self.heading(
head, '#ffffff', '#7799ee',
'<a href=".">index</a><br>' + filelink + docloc)
modules = inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.ismodule)
classes, cdict = [], {}
for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.isclass):
# if __all__ exists, believe it. Otherwise use old heuristic.
if (all is not None or
(inspect.getmodule(value) or object) is object):
if visiblename(key, all, object):
classes.append((key, value))
cdict[key] = cdict[value] = '#' + key
for key, value in classes:
for base in value.__bases__:
key, modname = base.__name__, base.__module__
module = sys.modules.get(modname)
if modname != name and module and hasattr(module, key):
if getattr(module, key) is base:
if not key in cdict:
cdict[key] = cdict[base] = modname + '.html#' + key
funcs, fdict = [], {}
for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.isroutine):
# if __all__ exists, believe it. Otherwise use old heuristic.
if (all is not None or
inspect.isbuiltin(value) or inspect.getmodule(value) is object):
if visiblename(key, all, object):
funcs.append((key, value))
fdict[key] = '#-' + key
if inspect.isfunction(value): fdict[value] = fdict[key]
data = []
for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, isdata):
if visiblename(key, all, object):
data.append((key, value))
doc = self.markup(getdoc(object), self.preformat, fdict, cdict)
doc = doc and '<tt>%s</tt>' % doc
result = result + '<p>%s</p>\n' % doc
if hasattr(object, '__path__'):
modpkgs = []
for importer, modname, ispkg in pkgutil.iter_modules(object.__path__):
modpkgs.append((modname, name, ispkg, 0))
modpkgs.sort()
contents = self.multicolumn(modpkgs, self.modpkglink)
result = result + self.bigsection(
'Package Contents', '#ffffff', '#aa55cc', contents)
elif modules:
contents = self.multicolumn(
modules, lambda t: self.modulelink(t[1]))
result = result + self.bigsection(
'Modules', '#ffffff', '#aa55cc', contents)
if classes:
classlist = [value for (key, value) in classes]
contents = [
self.formattree(inspect.getclasstree(classlist, 1), name)]
for key, value in classes:
contents.append(self.document(value, key, name, fdict, cdict))
result = result + self.bigsection(
'Classes', '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', ' '.join(contents))
if funcs:
contents = []
for key, value in funcs:
contents.append(self.document(value, key, name, fdict, cdict))
result = result + self.bigsection(
'Functions', '#ffffff', '#eeaa77', ' '.join(contents))
if data:
contents = []
for key, value in data:
contents.append(self.document(value, key))
result = result + self.bigsection(
'Data', '#ffffff', '#55aa55', '<br>\n'.join(contents))
if hasattr(object, '__author__'):
contents = self.markup(str(object.__author__), self.preformat)
result = result + self.bigsection(
'Author', '#ffffff', '#7799ee', contents)
if hasattr(object, '__credits__'):
contents = self.markup(str(object.__credits__), self.preformat)
result = result + self.bigsection(
'Credits', '#ffffff', '#7799ee', contents)
return result
def docclass(self, object, name=None, mod=None, funcs={}, classes={},
*ignored):
"""Produce HTML documentation for a class object."""
realname = object.__name__
name = name or realname
bases = object.__bases__
contents = []
push = contents.append
# Cute little class to pump out a horizontal rule between sections.
class HorizontalRule:
def __init__(self):
self.needone = 0
def maybe(self):
if self.needone:
push('<hr>\n')
self.needone = 1
hr = HorizontalRule()
# List the mro, if non-trivial.
mro = deque(inspect.getmro(object))
if len(mro) > 2:
hr.maybe()
push('<dl><dt>Method resolution order:</dt>\n')
for base in mro:
push('<dd>%s</dd>\n' % self.classlink(base,
object.__module__))
push('</dl>\n')
def spill(msg, attrs, predicate):
ok, attrs = _split_list(attrs, predicate)
if ok:
hr.maybe()
push(msg)
for name, kind, homecls, value in ok:
try:
value = getattr(object, name)
except Exception:
# Some descriptors may meet a failure in their __get__.
# (bug #1785)
push(self._docdescriptor(name, value, mod))
else:
push(self.document(value, name, mod,
funcs, classes, mdict, object))
push('\n')
return attrs
def spilldescriptors(msg, attrs, predicate):
ok, attrs = _split_list(attrs, predicate)
if ok:
hr.maybe()
push(msg)
for name, kind, homecls, value in ok:
push(self._docdescriptor(name, value, mod))
return attrs
def spilldata(msg, attrs, predicate):
ok, attrs = _split_list(attrs, predicate)
if ok:
hr.maybe()
push(msg)
for name, kind, homecls, value in ok:
base = self.docother(getattr(object, name), name, mod)
if callable(value) or inspect.isdatadescriptor(value):
doc = getattr(value, "__doc__", None)
else:
doc = None
if doc is None:
push('<dl><dt>%s</dl>\n' % base)
else:
doc = self.markup(getdoc(value), self.preformat,
funcs, classes, mdict)
doc = '<dd><tt>%s</tt>' % doc
push('<dl><dt>%s%s</dl>\n' % (base, doc))
push('\n')
return attrs
attrs = [(name, kind, cls, value)
for name, kind, cls, value in classify_class_attrs(object)
if visiblename(name, obj=object)]
mdict = {}
for key, kind, homecls, value in attrs:
mdict[key] = anchor = '#' + name + '-' + key
try:
value = getattr(object, name)
except Exception:
# Some descriptors may meet a failure in their __get__.
# (bug #1785)
pass
try:
# The value may not be hashable (e.g., a data attr with
# a dict or list value).
mdict[value] = anchor
except TypeError:
pass
while attrs:
if mro:
thisclass = mro.popleft()
else:
thisclass = attrs[0][2]
attrs, inherited = _split_list(attrs, lambda t: t[2] is thisclass)
if thisclass is builtins.object:
attrs = inherited
continue
elif thisclass is object:
tag = 'defined here'
else:
tag = 'inherited from %s' % self.classlink(thisclass,
object.__module__)
tag += ':<br>\n'
sort_attributes(attrs, object)
# Pump out the attrs, segregated by kind.
attrs = spill('Methods %s' % tag, attrs,
lambda t: t[1] == 'method')
attrs = spill('Class methods %s' % tag, attrs,
lambda t: t[1] == 'class method')
attrs = spill('Static methods %s' % tag, attrs,
lambda t: t[1] == 'static method')
attrs = spilldescriptors('Data descriptors %s' % tag, attrs,
lambda t: t[1] == 'data descriptor')
attrs = spilldata('Data and other attributes %s' % tag, attrs,
lambda t: t[1] == 'data')
assert attrs == []
attrs = inherited
contents = ''.join(contents)
if name == realname:
title = '<a name="%s">class <strong>%s</strong></a>' % (
name, realname)
else:
title = '<strong>%s</strong> = <a name="%s">class %s</a>' % (
name, name, realname)
if bases:
parents = []
for base in bases:
parents.append(self.classlink(base, object.__module__))
title = title + '(%s)' % ', '.join(parents)
doc = self.markup(getdoc(object), self.preformat, funcs, classes, mdict)
doc = doc and '<tt>%s<br> </tt>' % doc
return self.section(title, '#000000', '#ffc8d8', contents, 3, doc)
def formatvalue(self, object):
"""Format an argument default value as text."""
return self.grey('=' + self.repr(object))
def docroutine(self, object, name=None, mod=None,
funcs={}, classes={}, methods={}, cl=None):
"""Produce HTML documentation for a function or method object."""
realname = object.__name__
name = name or realname
anchor = (cl and cl.__name__ or '') + '-' + name
note = ''
skipdocs = 0
if _is_bound_method(object):
imclass = object.__self__.__class__
if cl:
if imclass is not cl:
note = ' from ' + self.classlink(imclass, mod)
else:
if object.__self__ is not None:
note = ' method of %s instance' % self.classlink(
object.__self__.__class__, mod)
else:
note = ' unbound %s method' % self.classlink(imclass,mod)
if name == realname:
title = '<a name="%s"><strong>%s</strong></a>' % (anchor, realname)
else:
if cl and inspect.getattr_static(cl, realname, []) is object:
reallink = '<a href="#%s">%s</a>' % (
cl.__name__ + '-' + realname, realname)
skipdocs = 1
else:
reallink = realname
title = '<a name="%s"><strong>%s</strong></a> = %s' % (
anchor, name, reallink)
argspec = None
if inspect.isroutine(object):
try:
signature = inspect.signature(object)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
signature = None
if signature:
argspec = str(signature)
if realname == '<lambda>':
title = '<strong>%s</strong> <em>lambda</em> ' % name
# XXX lambda's won't usually have func_annotations['return']
# since the syntax doesn't support but it is possible.
# So removing parentheses isn't truly safe.
argspec = argspec[1:-1] # remove parentheses
if not argspec:
argspec = '(...)'
decl = title + self.escape(argspec) + (note and self.grey(
'<font face="helvetica, arial">%s</font>' % note))
if skipdocs:
return '<dl><dt>%s</dt></dl>\n' % decl
else:
doc = self.markup(
getdoc(object), self.preformat, funcs, classes, methods)
doc = doc and '<dd><tt>%s</tt></dd>' % doc
return '<dl><dt>%s</dt>%s</dl>\n' % (decl, doc)
def _docdescriptor(self, name, value, mod):
results = []
push = results.append
if name:
push('<dl><dt><strong>%s</strong></dt>\n' % name)
if value.__doc__ is not None:
doc = self.markup(getdoc(value), self.preformat)
push('<dd><tt>%s</tt></dd>\n' % doc)
push('</dl>\n')
return ''.join(results)
def docproperty(self, object, name=None, mod=None, cl=None):
"""Produce html documentation for a property."""
return self._docdescriptor(name, object, mod)
def docother(self, object, name=None, mod=None, *ignored):
"""Produce HTML documentation for a data object."""
lhs = name and '<strong>%s</strong> = ' % name or ''
return lhs + self.repr(object)
def docdata(self, object, name=None, mod=None, cl=None):
"""Produce html documentation for a data descriptor."""
return self._docdescriptor(name, object, mod)
def index(self, dir, shadowed=None):
"""Generate an HTML index for a directory of modules."""
modpkgs = []
if shadowed is None: shadowed = {}
for importer, name, ispkg in pkgutil.iter_modules([dir]):
if any((0xD800 <= ord(ch) <= 0xDFFF) for ch in name):
# ignore a module if its name contains a surrogate character
continue
modpkgs.append((name, '', ispkg, name in shadowed))
shadowed[name] = 1
modpkgs.sort()
contents = self.multicolumn(modpkgs, self.modpkglink)
return self.bigsection(dir, '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', contents)
# -------------------------------------------- text documentation generator
class TextRepr(Repr):
"""Class for safely making a text representation of a Python object."""
def __init__(self):
Repr.__init__(self)
self.maxlist = self.maxtuple = 20
self.maxdict = 10
self.maxstring = self.maxother = 100
def repr1(self, x, level):
if hasattr(type(x), '__name__'):
methodname = 'repr_' + '_'.join(type(x).__name__.split())
if hasattr(self, methodname):
return getattr(self, methodname)(x, level)
return cram(stripid(repr(x)), self.maxother)
def repr_string(self, x, level):
test = cram(x, self.maxstring)
testrepr = repr(test)
if '\\' in test and '\\' not in replace(testrepr, r'\\', ''):
# Backslashes are only literal in the string and are never
# needed to make any special characters, so show a raw string.
return 'r' + testrepr[0] + test + testrepr[0]
return testrepr
repr_str = repr_string
def repr_instance(self, x, level):
try:
return cram(stripid(repr(x)), self.maxstring)
except:
return '<%s instance>' % x.__class__.__name__
class TextDoc(Doc):
"""Formatter class for text documentation."""
# ------------------------------------------- text formatting utilities
_repr_instance = TextRepr()
repr = _repr_instance.repr
def bold(self, text):
"""Format a string in bold by overstriking."""
return ''.join(ch + '\b' + ch for ch in text)
def indent(self, text, prefix=' '):
"""Indent text by prepending a given prefix to each line."""
if not text: return ''
lines = [prefix + line for line in text.split('\n')]
if lines: lines[-1] = lines[-1].rstrip()
return '\n'.join(lines)
def section(self, title, contents):
"""Format a section with a given heading."""
clean_contents = self.indent(contents).rstrip()
return self.bold(title) + '\n' + clean_contents + '\n\n'
# ---------------------------------------------- type-specific routines
def formattree(self, tree, modname, parent=None, prefix=''):
"""Render in text a class tree as returned by inspect.getclasstree()."""
result = ''
for entry in tree:
if type(entry) is type(()):
c, bases = entry
result = result + prefix + classname(c, modname)
if bases and bases != (parent,):
parents = (classname(c, modname) for c in bases)
result = result + '(%s)' % ', '.join(parents)
result = result + '\n'
elif type(entry) is type([]):
result = result + self.formattree(
entry, modname, c, prefix + ' ')
return result
def docmodule(self, object, name=None, mod=None):
"""Produce text documentation for a given module object."""
name = object.__name__ # ignore the passed-in name
synop, desc = splitdoc(getdoc(object))
result = self.section('NAME', name + (synop and ' - ' + synop))
all = getattr(object, '__all__', None)
docloc = self.getdocloc(object)
if docloc is not None:
result = result + self.section('MODULE REFERENCE', docloc + """
The following documentation is automatically generated from the Python
source files. It may be incomplete, incorrect or include features that
are considered implementation detail and may vary between Python
implementations. When in doubt, consult the module reference at the
location listed above.
""")
if desc:
result = result + self.section('DESCRIPTION', desc)
classes = []
for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.isclass):
# if __all__ exists, believe it. Otherwise use old heuristic.
if (all is not None
or (inspect.getmodule(value) or object) is object):
if visiblename(key, all, object):
classes.append((key, value))
funcs = []
for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.isroutine):
# if __all__ exists, believe it. Otherwise use old heuristic.
if (all is not None or
inspect.isbuiltin(value) or inspect.getmodule(value) is object):
if visiblename(key, all, object):
funcs.append((key, value))
data = []
for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, isdata):
if visiblename(key, all, object):
data.append((key, value))
modpkgs = []
modpkgs_names = set()
if hasattr(object, '__path__'):
for importer, modname, ispkg in pkgutil.iter_modules(object.__path__):
modpkgs_names.add(modname)
if ispkg:
modpkgs.append(modname + ' (package)')
else:
modpkgs.append(modname)
modpkgs.sort()
result = result + self.section(
'PACKAGE CONTENTS', '\n'.join(modpkgs))
# Detect submodules as sometimes created by C extensions
submodules = []
for key, value in inspect.getmembers(object, inspect.ismodule):
if value.__name__.startswith(name + '.') and key not in modpkgs_names:
submodules.append(key)
if submodules:
submodules.sort()
result = result + self.section(
'SUBMODULES', '\n'.join(submodules))
if classes:
classlist = [value for key, value in classes]
contents = [self.formattree(
inspect.getclasstree(classlist, 1), name)]
for key, value in classes:
contents.append(self.document(value, key, name))
result = result + self.section('CLASSES', '\n'.join(contents))
if funcs:
contents = []
for key, value in funcs:
contents.append(self.document(value, key, name))
result = result + self.section('FUNCTIONS', '\n'.join(contents))
if data:
contents = []
for key, value in data:
contents.append(self.docother(value, key, name, maxlen=70))
result = result + self.section('DATA', '\n'.join(contents))
if hasattr(object, '__version__'):
version = str(object.__version__)
if version[:11] == '$' + 'Revision: ' and version[-1:] == '$':
version = version[11:-1].strip()
result = result + self.section('VERSION', version)
if hasattr(object, '__date__'):
result = result + self.section('DATE', str(object.__date__))
if hasattr(object, '__author__'):
result = result + self.section('AUTHOR', str(object.__author__))
if hasattr(object, '__credits__'):
result = result + self.section('CREDITS', str(object.__credits__))
try:
file = inspect.getabsfile(object)
except TypeError:
file = '(built-in)'
result = result + self.section('FILE', file)
return result
def docclass(self, object, name=None, mod=None, *ignored):
"""Produce text documentation for a given class object."""
realname = object.__name__
name = name or realname
bases = object.__bases__
def makename(c, m=object.__module__):
return classname(c, m)
if name == realname:
title = 'class ' + self.bold(realname)
else:
title = self.bold(name) + ' = class ' + realname
if bases:
parents = map(makename, bases)
title = title + '(%s)' % ', '.join(parents)
doc = getdoc(object)
contents = doc and [doc + '\n'] or []
push = contents.append
# List the mro, if non-trivial.
mro = deque(inspect.getmro(object))
if len(mro) > 2:
push("Method resolution order:")
for base in mro:
push(' ' + makename(base))
push('')
# Cute little class to pump out a horizontal rule between sections.
class HorizontalRule:
def __init__(self):
self.needone = 0
def maybe(self):
if self.needone:
push('-' * 70)
self.needone = 1
hr = HorizontalRule()
def spill(msg, attrs, predicate):
ok, attrs = _split_list(attrs, predicate)
if ok:
hr.maybe()
push(msg)
for name, kind, homecls, value in ok:
try:
value = getattr(object, name)
except Exception:
# Some descriptors may meet a failure in their __get__.
# (bug #1785)
push(self._docdescriptor(name, value, mod))
else:
push(self.document(value,
name, mod, object))
return attrs
def spilldescriptors(msg, attrs, predicate):
ok, attrs = _split_list(attrs, predicate)
if ok:
hr.maybe()
push(msg)
for name, kind, homecls, value in ok:
push(self._docdescriptor(name, value, mod))
return attrs
def spilldata(msg, attrs, predicate):
ok, attrs = _split_list(attrs, predicate)
if ok:
hr.maybe()
push(msg)
for name, kind, homecls, value in ok:
if callable(value) or inspect.isdatadescriptor(value):
doc = getdoc(value)
else:
doc = None
try:
obj = getattr(object, name)
except AttributeError:
obj = homecls.__dict__[name]
push(self.docother(obj, name, mod, maxlen=70, doc=doc) +
'\n')
return attrs
attrs = [(name, kind, cls, value)
for name, kind, cls, value in classify_class_attrs(object)
if visiblename(name, obj=object)]
while attrs:
if mro:
thisclass = mro.popleft()
else:
thisclass = attrs[0][2]
attrs, inherited = _split_list(attrs, lambda t: t[2] is thisclass)
if thisclass is builtins.object:
attrs = inherited
continue
elif thisclass is object:
tag = "defined here"
else:
tag = "inherited from %s" % classname(thisclass,
object.__module__)
sort_attributes(attrs, object)
# Pump out the attrs, segregated by kind.
attrs = spill("Methods %s:\n" % tag, attrs,
lambda t: t[1] == 'method')
attrs = spill("Class methods %s:\n" % tag, attrs,
lambda t: t[1] == 'class method')
attrs = spill("Static methods %s:\n" % tag, attrs,
lambda t: t[1] == 'static method')
attrs = spilldescriptors("Data descriptors %s:\n" % tag, attrs,
lambda t: t[1] == 'data descriptor')
attrs = spilldata("Data and other attributes %s:\n" % tag, attrs,
lambda t: t[1] == 'data')
assert attrs == []
attrs = inherited
contents = '\n'.join(contents)
if not contents:
return title + '\n'
return title + '\n' + self.indent(contents.rstrip(), ' | ') + '\n'
def formatvalue(self, object):
"""Format an argument default value as text."""
return '=' + self.repr(object)
def docroutine(self, object, name=None, mod=None, cl=None):
"""Produce text documentation for a function or method object."""
realname = object.__name__
name = name or realname
note = ''
skipdocs = 0
if _is_bound_method(object):
imclass = object.__self__.__class__
if cl:
if imclass is not cl:
note = ' from ' + classname(imclass, mod)
else:
if object.__self__ is not None:
note = ' method of %s instance' % classname(
object.__self__.__class__, mod)
else:
note = ' unbound %s method' % classname(imclass,mod)
if name == realname:
title = self.bold(realname)
else:
if cl and inspect.getattr_static(cl, realname, []) is object:
skipdocs = 1
title = self.bold(name) + ' = ' + realname
argspec = None
if inspect.isroutine(object):
try:
signature = inspect.signature(object)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
signature = None
if signature:
argspec = str(signature)
if realname == '<lambda>':
title = self.bold(name) + ' lambda '
# XXX lambda's won't usually have func_annotations['return']
# since the syntax doesn't support but it is possible.
# So removing parentheses isn't truly safe.
argspec = argspec[1:-1] # remove parentheses
if not argspec:
argspec = '(...)'
decl = title + argspec + note
if skipdocs:
return decl + '\n'
else:
doc = getdoc(object) or ''
return decl + '\n' + (doc and self.indent(doc).rstrip() + '\n')
def _docdescriptor(self, name, value, mod):
results = []
push = results.append
if name:
push(self.bold(name))
push('\n')
doc = getdoc(value) or ''
if doc:
push(self.indent(doc))
push('\n')
return ''.join(results)
def docproperty(self, object, name=None, mod=None, cl=None):
"""Produce text documentation for a property."""
return self._docdescriptor(name, object, mod)
def docdata(self, object, name=None, mod=None, cl=None):
"""Produce text documentation for a data descriptor."""
return self._docdescriptor(name, object, mod)
def docother(self, object, name=None, mod=None, parent=None, maxlen=None, doc=None):
"""Produce text documentation for a data object."""
repr = self.repr(object)
if maxlen:
line = (name and name + ' = ' or '') + repr
chop = maxlen - len(line)
if chop < 0: repr = repr[:chop] + '...'
line = (name and self.bold(name) + ' = ' or '') + repr
if doc is not None:
line += '\n' + self.indent(str(doc))
return line
class _PlainTextDoc(TextDoc):
"""Subclass of TextDoc which overrides string styling"""
def bold(self, text):
return text
# --------------------------------------------------------- user interfaces
def pager(text):
"""The first time this is called, determine what kind of pager to use."""
global pager
pager = getpager()
pager(text)
def getpager():
"""Decide what method to use for paging through text."""
if not hasattr(sys.stdin, "isatty"):
return plainpager
if not hasattr(sys.stdout, "isatty"):
return plainpager
if not sys.stdin.isatty() or not sys.stdout.isatty():
return plainpager
use_pager = os.environ.get('MANPAGER') or os.environ.get('PAGER')
if use_pager:
if sys.platform == 'win32': # pipes completely broken in Windows
return lambda text: tempfilepager(plain(text), use_pager)
elif os.environ.get('TERM') in ('dumb', 'emacs'):
return lambda text: pipepager(plain(text), use_pager)
else:
return lambda text: pipepager(text, use_pager)
if os.environ.get('TERM') in ('dumb', 'emacs'):
return plainpager
if sys.platform == 'win32':
return lambda text: tempfilepager(plain(text), 'more <')
if hasattr(os, 'system') and os.system('(less) 2>/dev/null') == 0:
return lambda text: pipepager(text, 'less')
import tempfile
(fd, filename) = tempfile.mkstemp()
os.close(fd)
try:
if hasattr(os, 'system') and os.system('more "%s"' % filename) == 0:
return lambda text: pipepager(text, 'more')
else:
return ttypager
finally:
os.unlink(filename)
def plain(text):
"""Remove boldface formatting from text."""
return re.sub('.\b', '', text)
def pipepager(text, cmd):
"""Page through text by feeding it to another program."""
import subprocess
proc = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
try:
with io.TextIOWrapper(proc.stdin, errors='backslashreplace') as pipe:
try:
pipe.write(text)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
# We've hereby abandoned whatever text hasn't been written,
# but the pager is still in control of the terminal.
pass
except OSError:
pass # Ignore broken pipes caused by quitting the pager program.
while True:
try:
proc.wait()
break
except KeyboardInterrupt:
# Ignore ctl-c like the pager itself does. Otherwise the pager is
# left running and the terminal is in raw mode and unusable.
pass
def tempfilepager(text, cmd):
"""Page through text by invoking a program on a temporary file."""
import tempfile
filename = tempfile.mktemp()
with open(filename, 'w', errors='backslashreplace') as file:
file.write(text)
try:
os.system(cmd + ' "' + filename + '"')
finally:
os.unlink(filename)
def _escape_stdout(text):
# Escape non-encodable characters to avoid encoding errors later
encoding = getattr(sys.stdout, 'encoding', None) or 'utf-8'
return text.encode(encoding, 'backslashreplace').decode(encoding)
def ttypager(text):
"""Page through text on a text terminal."""
lines = plain(_escape_stdout(text)).split('\n')
try:
import tty
fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
old = tty.tcgetattr(fd)
tty.setcbreak(fd)
getchar = lambda: sys.stdin.read(1)
except (ImportError, AttributeError, io.UnsupportedOperation):
tty = None
getchar = lambda: sys.stdin.readline()[:-1][:1]
try:
try:
h = int(os.environ.get('LINES', 0))
except ValueError:
h = 0
if h <= 1:
h = 25
r = inc = h - 1
sys.stdout.write('\n'.join(lines[:inc]) + '\n')
while lines[r:]:
sys.stdout.write('-- more --')
sys.stdout.flush()
c = getchar()
if c in ('q', 'Q'):
sys.stdout.write('\r \r')
break
elif c in ('\r', '\n'):
sys.stdout.write('\r \r' + lines[r] + '\n')
r = r + 1
continue
if c in ('b', 'B', '\x1b'):
r = r - inc - inc
if r < 0: r = 0
sys.stdout.write('\n' + '\n'.join(lines[r:r+inc]) + '\n')
r = r + inc
finally:
if tty:
tty.tcsetattr(fd, tty.TCSAFLUSH, old)
def plainpager(text):
"""Simply print unformatted text. This is the ultimate fallback."""
sys.stdout.write(plain(_escape_stdout(text)))
def describe(thing):
"""Produce a short description of the given thing."""
if inspect.ismodule(thing):
if thing.__name__ in sys.builtin_module_names:
return 'built-in module ' + thing.__name__
if hasattr(thing, '__path__'):
return 'package ' + thing.__name__
else:
return 'module ' + thing.__name__
if inspect.isbuiltin(thing):
return 'built-in function ' + thing.__name__
if inspect.isgetsetdescriptor(thing):
return 'getset descriptor %s.%s.%s' % (
thing.__objclass__.__module__, thing.__objclass__.__name__,
thing.__name__)
if inspect.ismemberdescriptor(thing):
return 'member descriptor %s.%s.%s' % (
thing.__objclass__.__module__, thing.__objclass__.__name__,
thing.__name__)
if inspect.isclass(thing):
return 'class ' + thing.__name__
if inspect.isfunction(thing):
return 'function ' + thing.__name__
if inspect.ismethod(thing):
return 'method ' + thing.__name__
return type(thing).__name__
def locate(path, forceload=0):
"""Locate an object by name or dotted path, importing as necessary."""
parts = [part for part in path.split('.') if part]
module, n = None, 0
while n < len(parts):
nextmodule = safeimport('.'.join(parts[:n+1]), forceload)
if nextmodule: module, n = nextmodule, n + 1
else: break
if module:
object = module
else:
object = builtins
for part in parts[n:]:
try:
object = getattr(object, part)
except AttributeError:
return None
return object
# --------------------------------------- interactive interpreter interface
text = TextDoc()
plaintext = _PlainTextDoc()
html = HTMLDoc()
def resolve(thing, forceload=0):
"""Given an object or a path to an object, get the object and its name."""
if isinstance(thing, str):
object = locate(thing, forceload)
if object is None:
raise ImportError('''\
No Python documentation found for %r.
Use help() to get the interactive help utility.
Use help(str) for help on the str class.''' % thing)
return object, thing
else:
name = getattr(thing, '__name__', None)
return thing, name if isinstance(name, str) else None
def render_doc(thing, title='Python Library Documentation: %s', forceload=0,
renderer=None):
"""Render text documentation, given an object or a path to an object."""
if renderer is None:
renderer = text
object, name = resolve(thing, forceload)
desc = describe(object)
module = inspect.getmodule(object)
if name and '.' in name:
desc += ' in ' + name[:name.rfind('.')]
elif module and module is not object:
desc += ' in module ' + module.__name__
if not (inspect.ismodule(object) or
inspect.isclass(object) or
inspect.isroutine(object) or
inspect.isgetsetdescriptor(object) or
inspect.ismemberdescriptor(object) or
isinstance(object, property)):
# If the passed object is a piece of data or an instance,
# document its available methods instead of its value.
object = type(object)
desc += ' object'
return title % desc + '\n\n' + renderer.document(object, name)
def doc(thing, title='Python Library Documentation: %s', forceload=0,
output=None):
"""Display text documentation, given an object or a path to an object."""
try:
if output is None:
pager(render_doc(thing, title, forceload))
else:
output.write(render_doc(thing, title, forceload, plaintext))
except (ImportError, ErrorDuringImport) as value:
print(value)
def writedoc(thing, forceload=0):
"""Write HTML documentation to a file in the current directory."""
try:
object, name = resolve(thing, forceload)
page = html.page(describe(object), html.document(object, name))
with open(name + '.html', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
file.write(page)
print('wrote', name + '.html')
except (ImportError, ErrorDuringImport) as value:
print(value)
def writedocs(dir, pkgpath='', done=None):
"""Write out HTML documentation for all modules in a directory tree."""
if done is None: done = {}
for importer, modname, ispkg in pkgutil.walk_packages([dir], pkgpath):
writedoc(modname)
return
class Helper:
# These dictionaries map a topic name to either an alias, or a tuple
# (label, seealso-items). The "label" is the label of the corresponding
# section in the .rst file under Doc/ and an index into the dictionary
# in pydoc_data/topics.py.
#
# CAUTION: if you change one of these dictionaries, be sure to adapt the
# list of needed labels in Doc/tools/pyspecific.py and
# regenerate the pydoc_data/topics.py file by running
# make pydoc-topics
# in Doc/ and copying the output file into the Lib/ directory.
keywords = {
'False': '',
'None': '',
'True': '',
'and': 'BOOLEAN',
'as': 'with',
'assert': ('assert', ''),
'break': ('break', 'while for'),
'class': ('class', 'CLASSES SPECIALMETHODS'),
'continue': ('continue', 'while for'),
'def': ('function', ''),
'del': ('del', 'BASICMETHODS'),
'elif': 'if',
'else': ('else', 'while for'),
'except': 'try',
'finally': 'try',
'for': ('for', 'break continue while'),
'from': 'import',
'global': ('global', 'nonlocal NAMESPACES'),
'if': ('if', 'TRUTHVALUE'),
'import': ('import', 'MODULES'),
'in': ('in', 'SEQUENCEMETHODS'),
'is': 'COMPARISON',
'lambda': ('lambda', 'FUNCTIONS'),
'nonlocal': ('nonlocal', 'global NAMESPACES'),
'not': 'BOOLEAN',
'or': 'BOOLEAN',
'pass': ('pass', ''),
'raise': ('raise', 'EXCEPTIONS'),
'return': ('return', 'FUNCTIONS'),
'try': ('try', 'EXCEPTIONS'),
'while': ('while', 'break continue if TRUTHVALUE'),
'with': ('with', 'CONTEXTMANAGERS EXCEPTIONS yield'),
'yield': ('yield', ''),
}
# Either add symbols to this dictionary or to the symbols dictionary
# directly: Whichever is easier. They are merged later.
_strprefixes = [p + q for p in ('b', 'f', 'r', 'u') for q in ("'", '"')]
_symbols_inverse = {
'STRINGS' : ("'", "'''", '"', '"""', *_strprefixes),
'OPERATORS' : ('+', '-', '*', '**', '/', '//', '%', '<<', '>>', '&',
'|', '^', '~', '<', '>', '<=', '>=', '==', '!=', '<>'),
'COMPARISON' : ('<', '>', '<=', '>=', '==', '!=', '<>'),
'UNARY' : ('-', '~'),
'AUGMENTEDASSIGNMENT' : ('+=', '-=', '*=', '/=', '%=', '&=', '|=',
'^=', '<<=', '>>=', '**=', '//='),
'BITWISE' : ('<<', '>>', '&', '|', '^', '~'),
'COMPLEX' : ('j', 'J')
}
symbols = {
'%': 'OPERATORS FORMATTING',
'**': 'POWER',
',': 'TUPLES LISTS FUNCTIONS',
'.': 'ATTRIBUTES FLOAT MODULES OBJECTS',
'...': 'ELLIPSIS',
':': 'SLICINGS DICTIONARYLITERALS',
'@': 'def class',
'\\': 'STRINGS',
'_': 'PRIVATENAMES',
'__': 'PRIVATENAMES SPECIALMETHODS',
'`': 'BACKQUOTES',
'(': 'TUPLES FUNCTIONS CALLS',
')': 'TUPLES FUNCTIONS CALLS',
'[': 'LISTS SUBSCRIPTS SLICINGS',
']': 'LISTS SUBSCRIPTS SLICINGS'
}
for topic, symbols_ in _symbols_inverse.items():
for symbol in symbols_:
topics = symbols.get(symbol, topic)
if topic not in topics:
topics = topics + ' ' + topic
symbols[symbol] = topics
topics = {
'TYPES': ('types', 'STRINGS UNICODE NUMBERS SEQUENCES MAPPINGS '
'FUNCTIONS CLASSES MODULES FILES inspect'),
'STRINGS': ('strings', 'str UNICODE SEQUENCES STRINGMETHODS '
'FORMATTING TYPES'),
'STRINGMETHODS': ('string-methods', 'STRINGS FORMATTING'),
'FORMATTING': ('formatstrings', 'OPERATORS'),
'UNICODE': ('strings', 'encodings unicode SEQUENCES STRINGMETHODS '
'FORMATTING TYPES'),
'NUMBERS': ('numbers', 'INTEGER FLOAT COMPLEX TYPES'),
'INTEGER': ('integers', 'int range'),
'FLOAT': ('floating', 'float math'),
'COMPLEX': ('imaginary', 'complex cmath'),
'SEQUENCES': ('typesseq', 'STRINGMETHODS FORMATTING range LISTS'),
'MAPPINGS': 'DICTIONARIES',
'FUNCTIONS': ('typesfunctions', 'def TYPES'),
'METHODS': ('typesmethods', 'class def CLASSES TYPES'),
'CODEOBJECTS': ('bltin-code-objects', 'compile FUNCTIONS TYPES'),
'TYPEOBJECTS': ('bltin-type-objects', 'types TYPES'),
'FRAMEOBJECTS': 'TYPES',
'TRACEBACKS': 'TYPES',
'NONE': ('bltin-null-object', ''),
'ELLIPSIS': ('bltin-ellipsis-object', 'SLICINGS'),
'SPECIALATTRIBUTES': ('specialattrs', ''),
'CLASSES': ('types', 'class SPECIALMETHODS PRIVATENAMES'),
'MODULES': ('typesmodules', 'import'),
'PACKAGES': 'import',
'EXPRESSIONS': ('operator-summary', 'lambda or and not in is BOOLEAN '
'COMPARISON BITWISE SHIFTING BINARY FORMATTING POWER '
'UNARY ATTRIBUTES SUBSCRIPTS SLICINGS CALLS TUPLES '
'LISTS DICTIONARIES'),
'OPERATORS': 'EXPRESSIONS',
'PRECEDENCE': 'EXPRESSIONS',
'OBJECTS': ('objects', 'TYPES'),
'SPECIALMETHODS': ('specialnames', 'BASICMETHODS ATTRIBUTEMETHODS '
'CALLABLEMETHODS SEQUENCEMETHODS MAPPINGMETHODS '
'NUMBERMETHODS CLASSES'),
'BASICMETHODS': ('customization', 'hash repr str SPECIALMETHODS'),
'ATTRIBUTEMETHODS': ('attribute-access', 'ATTRIBUTES SPECIALMETHODS'),
'CALLABLEMETHODS': ('callable-types', 'CALLS SPECIALMETHODS'),
'SEQUENCEMETHODS': ('sequence-types', 'SEQUENCES SEQUENCEMETHODS '
'SPECIALMETHODS'),
'MAPPINGMETHODS': ('sequence-types', 'MAPPINGS SPECIALMETHODS'),
'NUMBERMETHODS': ('numeric-types', 'NUMBERS AUGMENTEDASSIGNMENT '
'SPECIALMETHODS'),
'EXECUTION': ('execmodel', 'NAMESPACES DYNAMICFEATURES EXCEPTIONS'),
'NAMESPACES': ('naming', 'global nonlocal ASSIGNMENT DELETION DYNAMICFEATURES'),
'DYNAMICFEATURES': ('dynamic-features', ''),
'SCOPING': 'NAMESPACES',
'FRAMES': 'NAMESPACES',
'EXCEPTIONS': ('exceptions', 'try except finally raise'),
'CONVERSIONS': ('conversions', ''),
'IDENTIFIERS': ('identifiers', 'keywords SPECIALIDENTIFIERS'),
'SPECIALIDENTIFIERS': ('id-classes', ''),
'PRIVATENAMES': ('atom-identifiers', ''),
'LITERALS': ('atom-literals', 'STRINGS NUMBERS TUPLELITERALS '
'LISTLITERALS DICTIONARYLITERALS'),
'TUPLES': 'SEQUENCES',
'TUPLELITERALS': ('exprlists', 'TUPLES LITERALS'),
'LISTS': ('typesseq-mutable', 'LISTLITERALS'),
'LISTLITERALS': ('lists', 'LISTS LITERALS'),
'DICTIONARIES': ('typesmapping', 'DICTIONARYLITERALS'),
'DICTIONARYLITERALS': ('dict', 'DICTIONARIES LITERALS'),
'ATTRIBUTES': ('attribute-references', 'getattr hasattr setattr ATTRIBUTEMETHODS'),
'SUBSCRIPTS': ('subscriptions', 'SEQUENCEMETHODS'),
'SLICINGS': ('slicings', 'SEQUENCEMETHODS'),
'CALLS': ('calls', 'EXPRESSIONS'),
'POWER': ('power', 'EXPRESSIONS'),
'UNARY': ('unary', 'EXPRESSIONS'),
'BINARY': ('binary', 'EXPRESSIONS'),
'SHIFTING': ('shifting', 'EXPRESSIONS'),
'BITWISE': ('bitwise', 'EXPRESSIONS'),
'COMPARISON': ('comparisons', 'EXPRESSIONS BASICMETHODS'),
'BOOLEAN': ('booleans', 'EXPRESSIONS TRUTHVALUE'),
'ASSERTION': 'assert',
'ASSIGNMENT': ('assignment', 'AUGMENTEDASSIGNMENT'),
'AUGMENTEDASSIGNMENT': ('augassign', 'NUMBERMETHODS'),
'DELETION': 'del',
'RETURNING': 'return',
'IMPORTING': 'import',
'CONDITIONAL': 'if',
'LOOPING': ('compound', 'for while break continue'),
'TRUTHVALUE': ('truth', 'if while and or not BASICMETHODS'),
'DEBUGGING': ('debugger', 'pdb'),
'CONTEXTMANAGERS': ('context-managers', 'with'),
}
def __init__(self, input=None, output=None):
self._input = input
self._output = output
input = property(lambda self: self._input or sys.stdin)
output = property(lambda self: self._output or sys.stdout)
def __repr__(self):
if inspect.stack()[1][3] == '?':
self()
return ''
return '<%s.%s instance>' % (self.__class__.__module__,
self.__class__.__qualname__)
_GoInteractive = object()
def __call__(self, request=_GoInteractive):
if request is not self._GoInteractive:
self.help(request)
else:
self.intro()
self.interact()
self.output.write('''
You are now leaving help and returning to the Python interpreter.
If you want to ask for help on a particular object directly from the
interpreter, you can type "help(object)". Executing "help('string')"
has the same effect as typing a particular string at the help> prompt.
''')
def interact(self):
self.output.write('\n')
while True:
try:
request = self.getline('help> ')
if not request: break
except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
break
request = request.strip()
# Make sure significant trailing quoting marks of literals don't
# get deleted while cleaning input
if (len(request) > 2 and request[0] == request[-1] in ("'", '"')
and request[0] not in request[1:-1]):
request = request[1:-1]
if request.lower() in ('q', 'quit'): break
if request == 'help':
self.intro()
else:
self.help(request)
def getline(self, prompt):
"""Read one line, using input() when appropriate."""
if self.input is sys.stdin:
return input(prompt)
else:
self.output.write(prompt)
self.output.flush()
return self.input.readline()
def help(self, request):
if type(request) is type(''):
request = request.strip()
if request == 'keywords': self.listkeywords()
elif request == 'symbols': self.listsymbols()
elif request == 'topics': self.listtopics()
elif request == 'modules': self.listmodules()
elif request[:8] == 'modules ':
self.listmodules(request.split()[1])
elif request in self.symbols: self.showsymbol(request)
elif request in ['True', 'False', 'None']:
# special case these keywords since they are objects too
doc(eval(request), 'Help on %s:')
elif request in self.keywords: self.showtopic(request)
elif request in self.topics: self.showtopic(request)
elif request: doc(request, 'Help on %s:', output=self._output)
else: doc(str, 'Help on %s:', output=self._output)
elif isinstance(request, Helper): self()
else: doc(request, 'Help on %s:', output=self._output)
self.output.write('\n')
def intro(self):
self.output.write('''
Welcome to Python {0}'s help utility!
If this is your first time using Python, you should definitely check out
the tutorial on the Internet at https://docs.python.org/{0}/tutorial/.
Enter the name of any module, keyword, or topic to get help on writing
Python programs and using Python modules. To quit this help utility and
return to the interpreter, just type "quit".
To get a list of available modules, keywords, symbols, or topics, type
"modules", "keywords", "symbols", or "topics". Each module also comes
with a one-line summary of what it does; to list the modules whose name
or summary contain a given string such as "spam", type "modules spam".
'''.format('%d.%d' % sys.version_info[:2]))
def list(self, items, columns=4, width=80):
items = list(sorted(items))
colw = width // columns
rows = (len(items) + columns - 1) // columns
for row in range(rows):
for col in range(columns):
i = col * rows + row
if i < len(items):
self.output.write(items[i])
if col < columns - 1:
self.output.write(' ' + ' ' * (colw - 1 - len(items[i])))
self.output.write('\n')
def listkeywords(self):
self.output.write('''
Here is a list of the Python keywords. Enter any keyword to get more help.
''')
self.list(self.keywords.keys())
def listsymbols(self):
self.output.write('''
Here is a list of the punctuation symbols which Python assigns special meaning
to. Enter any symbol to get more help.
''')
self.list(self.symbols.keys())
def listtopics(self):
self.output.write('''
Here is a list of available topics. Enter any topic name to get more help.
''')
self.list(self.topics.keys())
def showtopic(self, topic, more_xrefs=''):
try:
import pydoc_data.topics
except ImportError:
self.output.write('''
Sorry, topic and keyword documentation is not available because the
module "pydoc_data.topics" could not be found.
''')
return
target = self.topics.get(topic, self.keywords.get(topic))
if not target:
self.output.write('no documentation found for %s\n' % repr(topic))
return
if type(target) is type(''):
return self.showtopic(target, more_xrefs)
label, xrefs = target
try:
doc = pydoc_data.topics.topics[label]
except KeyError:
self.output.write('no documentation found for %s\n' % repr(topic))
return
doc = doc.strip() + '\n'
if more_xrefs:
xrefs = (xrefs or '') + ' ' + more_xrefs
if xrefs:
import textwrap
text = 'Related help topics: ' + ', '.join(xrefs.split()) + '\n'
wrapped_text = textwrap.wrap(text, 72)
doc += '\n%s\n' % '\n'.join(wrapped_text)
pager(doc)
def _gettopic(self, topic, more_xrefs=''):
"""Return unbuffered tuple of (topic, xrefs).
If an error occurs here, the exception is caught and displayed by
the url handler.
This function duplicates the showtopic method but returns its
result directly so it can be formatted for display in an html page.
"""
try:
import pydoc_data.topics
except ImportError:
return('''
Sorry, topic and keyword documentation is not available because the
module "pydoc_data.topics" could not be found.
''' , '')
target = self.topics.get(topic, self.keywords.get(topic))
if not target:
raise ValueError('could not find topic')
if isinstance(target, str):
return self._gettopic(target, more_xrefs)
label, xrefs = target
doc = pydoc_data.topics.topics[label]
if more_xrefs:
xrefs = (xrefs or '') + ' ' + more_xrefs
return doc, xrefs
def showsymbol(self, symbol):
target = self.symbols[symbol]
topic, _, xrefs = target.partition(' ')
self.showtopic(topic, xrefs)
def listmodules(self, key=''):
if key:
self.output.write('''
Here is a list of modules whose name or summary contains '{}'.
If there are any, enter a module name to get more help.
'''.format(key))
apropos(key)
else:
self.output.write('''
Please wait a moment while I gather a list of all available modules...
''')
modules = {}
def callback(path, modname, desc, modules=modules):
if modname and modname[-9:] == '.__init__':
modname = modname[:-9] + ' (package)'
if modname.find('.') < 0:
modules[modname] = 1
def onerror(modname):
callback(None, modname, None)
ModuleScanner().run(callback, onerror=onerror)
self.list(modules.keys())
self.output.write('''
Enter any module name to get more help. Or, type "modules spam" to search
for modules whose name or summary contain the string "spam".
''')
help = Helper()
class ModuleScanner:
"""An interruptible scanner that searches module synopses."""
def run(self, callback, key=None, completer=None, onerror=None):
if key: key = key.lower()
self.quit = False
seen = {}
for modname in sys.builtin_module_names:
if modname != '__main__':
seen[modname] = 1
if key is None:
callback(None, modname, '')
else:
name = __import__(modname).__doc__ or ''
desc = name.split('\n')[0]
name = modname + ' - ' + desc
if name.lower().find(key) >= 0:
callback(None, modname, desc)
for importer, modname, ispkg in pkgutil.walk_packages(onerror=onerror):
if self.quit:
break
if key is None:
callback(None, modname, '')
else:
try:
spec = pkgutil._get_spec(importer, modname)
except SyntaxError:
# raised by tests for bad coding cookies or BOM
continue
loader = spec.loader
if hasattr(loader, 'get_source'):
try:
source = loader.get_source(modname)
except Exception:
if onerror:
onerror(modname)
continue
desc = source_synopsis(io.StringIO(source)) or ''
if hasattr(loader, 'get_filename'):
path = loader.get_filename(modname)
else:
path = None
else:
try:
module = importlib._bootstrap._load(spec)
except ImportError:
if onerror:
onerror(modname)
continue
desc = module.__doc__.splitlines()[0] if module.__doc__ else ''
path = getattr(module,'__file__',None)
name = modname + ' - ' + desc
if name.lower().find(key) >= 0:
callback(path, modname, desc)
if completer:
completer()
def apropos(key):
"""Print all the one-line module summaries that contain a substring."""
def callback(path, modname, desc):
if modname[-9:] == '.__init__':
modname = modname[:-9] + ' (package)'
print(modname, desc and '- ' + desc)
def onerror(modname):
pass
with warnings.catch_warnings():
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore') # ignore problems during import
ModuleScanner().run(callback, key, onerror=onerror)
# --------------------------------------- enhanced Web browser interface
def _start_server(urlhandler, port):
"""Start an HTTP server thread on a specific port.
Start an HTML/text server thread, so HTML or text documents can be
browsed dynamically and interactively with a Web browser. Example use:
>>> import time
>>> import pydoc
Define a URL handler. To determine what the client is asking
for, check the URL and content_type.
Then get or generate some text or HTML code and return it.
>>> def my_url_handler(url, content_type):
... text = 'the URL sent was: (%s, %s)' % (url, content_type)
... return text
Start server thread on port 0.
If you use port 0, the server will pick a random port number.
You can then use serverthread.port to get the port number.
>>> port = 0
>>> serverthread = pydoc._start_server(my_url_handler, port)
Check that the server is really started. If it is, open browser
and get first page. Use serverthread.url as the starting page.
>>> if serverthread.serving:
... import webbrowser
The next two lines are commented out so a browser doesn't open if
doctest is run on this module.
#... webbrowser.open(serverthread.url)
#True
Let the server do its thing. We just need to monitor its status.
Use time.sleep so the loop doesn't hog the CPU.
>>> starttime = time.time()
>>> timeout = 1 #seconds
This is a short timeout for testing purposes.
>>> while serverthread.serving:
... time.sleep(.01)
... if serverthread.serving and time.time() - starttime > timeout:
... serverthread.stop()
... break
Print any errors that may have occurred.
>>> print(serverthread.error)
None
"""
import http.server
import email.message
import select
import threading
class DocHandler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_GET(self):
"""Process a request from an HTML browser.
The URL received is in self.path.
Get an HTML page from self.urlhandler and send it.
"""
if self.path.endswith('.css'):
content_type = 'text/css'
else:
content_type = 'text/html'
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header('Content-Type', '%s; charset=UTF-8' % content_type)
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(self.urlhandler(
self.path, content_type).encode('utf-8'))
def log_message(self, *args):
# Don't log messages.
pass
class DocServer(http.server.HTTPServer):
def __init__(self, port, callback):
self.host = 'localhost'
self.address = (self.host, port)
self.callback = callback
self.base.__init__(self, self.address, self.handler)
self.quit = False
def serve_until_quit(self):
while not self.quit:
rd, wr, ex = select.select([self.socket.fileno()], [], [], 1)
if rd:
self.handle_request()
self.server_close()
def server_activate(self):
self.base.server_activate(self)
if self.callback:
self.callback(self)
class ServerThread(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, urlhandler, port):
self.urlhandler = urlhandler
self.port = int(port)
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.serving = False
self.error = None
def run(self):
"""Start the server."""
try:
DocServer.base = http.server.HTTPServer
DocServer.handler = DocHandler
DocHandler.MessageClass = email.message.Message
DocHandler.urlhandler = staticmethod(self.urlhandler)
docsvr = DocServer(self.port, self.ready)
self.docserver = docsvr
docsvr.serve_until_quit()
except Exception as e:
self.error = e
def ready(self, server):
self.serving = True
self.host = server.host
self.port = server.server_port
self.url = 'http://%s:%d/' % (self.host, self.port)
def stop(self):
"""Stop the server and this thread nicely"""
self.docserver.quit = True
self.join()
# explicitly break a reference cycle: DocServer.callback
# has indirectly a reference to ServerThread.
self.docserver = None
self.serving = False
self.url = None
thread = ServerThread(urlhandler, port)
thread.start()
# Wait until thread.serving is True to make sure we are
# really up before returning.
while not thread.error and not thread.serving:
time.sleep(.01)
return thread
def _url_handler(url, content_type="text/html"):
"""The pydoc url handler for use with the pydoc server.
If the content_type is 'text/css', the _pydoc.css style
sheet is read and returned if it exits.
If the content_type is 'text/html', then the result of
get_html_page(url) is returned.
"""
class _HTMLDoc(HTMLDoc):
def page(self, title, contents):
"""Format an HTML page."""
css_path = "pydoc_data/_pydoc.css"
css_link = (
'<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="%s">' %
css_path)
return '''\
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<html><head><title>Pydoc: %s</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
%s</head><body bgcolor="#f0f0f8">%s<div style="clear:both;padding-top:.5em;">%s</div>
</body></html>''' % (title, css_link, html_navbar(), contents)
html = _HTMLDoc()
def html_navbar():
version = html.escape("%s [%s, %s]" % (platform.python_version(),
platform.python_build()[0],
platform.python_compiler()))
return """
<div style='float:left'>
Python %s<br>%s
</div>
<div style='float:right'>
<div style='text-align:center'>
<a href="index.html">Module Index</a>
: <a href="topics.html">Topics</a>
: <a href="keywords.html">Keywords</a>
</div>
<div>
<form action="get" style='display:inline;'>
<input type=text name=key size=15>
<input type=submit value="Get">
</form>
<form action="search" style='display:inline;'>
<input type=text name=key size=15>
<input type=submit value="Search">
</form>
</div>
</div>
""" % (version, html.escape(platform.platform(terse=True)))
def html_index():
"""Module Index page."""
def bltinlink(name):
return '<a href="%s.html">%s</a>' % (name, name)
heading = html.heading(
'<big><big><strong>Index of Modules</strong></big></big>',
'#ffffff', '#7799ee')
names = [name for name in sys.builtin_module_names
if name != '__main__']
contents = html.multicolumn(names, bltinlink)
contents = [heading, '<p>' + html.bigsection(
'Built-in Modules', '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', contents)]
seen = {}
for dir in sys.path:
contents.append(html.index(dir, seen))
contents.append(
'<p align=right><font color="#909090" face="helvetica,'
'arial"><strong>pydoc</strong> by Ka-Ping Yee'
'<ping@lfw.org></font>')
return 'Index of Modules', ''.join(contents)
def html_search(key):
"""Search results page."""
# scan for modules
search_result = []
def callback(path, modname, desc):
if modname[-9:] == '.__init__':
modname = modname[:-9] + ' (package)'
search_result.append((modname, desc and '- ' + desc))
with warnings.catch_warnings():
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore') # ignore problems during import
def onerror(modname):
pass
ModuleScanner().run(callback, key, onerror=onerror)
# format page
def bltinlink(name):
return '<a href="%s.html">%s</a>' % (name, name)
results = []
heading = html.heading(
'<big><big><strong>Search Results</strong></big></big>',
'#ffffff', '#7799ee')
for name, desc in search_result:
results.append(bltinlink(name) + desc)
contents = heading + html.bigsection(
'key = %s' % key, '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', '<br>'.join(results))
return 'Search Results', contents
def html_topics():
"""Index of topic texts available."""
def bltinlink(name):
return '<a href="topic?key=%s">%s</a>' % (name, name)
heading = html.heading(
'<big><big><strong>INDEX</strong></big></big>',
'#ffffff', '#7799ee')
names = sorted(Helper.topics.keys())
contents = html.multicolumn(names, bltinlink)
contents = heading + html.bigsection(
'Topics', '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', contents)
return 'Topics', contents
def html_keywords():
"""Index of keywords."""
heading = html.heading(
'<big><big><strong>INDEX</strong></big></big>',
'#ffffff', '#7799ee')
names = sorted(Helper.keywords.keys())
def bltinlink(name):
return '<a href="topic?key=%s">%s</a>' % (name, name)
contents = html.multicolumn(names, bltinlink)
contents = heading + html.bigsection(
'Keywords', '#ffffff', '#ee77aa', contents)
return 'Keywords', contents
def html_topicpage(topic):
"""Topic or keyword help page."""
buf = io.StringIO()
htmlhelp = Helper(buf, buf)
contents, xrefs = htmlhelp._gettopic(topic)
if topic in htmlhelp.keywords:
title = 'KEYWORD'
else:
title = 'TOPIC'
heading = html.heading(
'<big><big><strong>%s</strong></big></big>' % title,
'#ffffff', '#7799ee')
contents = '<pre>%s</pre>' % html.markup(contents)
contents = html.bigsection(topic , '#ffffff','#ee77aa', contents)
if xrefs:
xrefs = sorted(xrefs.split())
def bltinlink(name):
return '<a href="topic?key=%s">%s</a>' % (name, name)
xrefs = html.multicolumn(xrefs, bltinlink)
xrefs = html.section('Related help topics: ',
'#ffffff', '#ee77aa', xrefs)
return ('%s %s' % (title, topic),
''.join((heading, contents, xrefs)))
def html_getobj(url):
obj = locate(url, forceload=1)
if obj is None and url != 'None':
raise ValueError('could not find object')
title = describe(obj)
content = html.document(obj, url)
return title, content
def html_error(url, exc):
heading = html.heading(
'<big><big><strong>Error</strong></big></big>',
'#ffffff', '#7799ee')
contents = '<br>'.join(html.escape(line) for line in
format_exception_only(type(exc), exc))
contents = heading + html.bigsection(url, '#ffffff', '#bb0000',
contents)
return "Error - %s" % url, contents
def get_html_page(url):
"""Generate an HTML page for url."""
complete_url = url
if url.endswith('.html'):
url = url[:-5]
try:
if url in ("", "index"):
title, content = html_index()
elif url == "topics":
title, content = html_topics()
elif url == "keywords":
title, content = html_keywords()
elif '=' in url:
op, _, url = url.partition('=')
if op == "search?key":
title, content = html_search(url)
elif op == "topic?key":
# try topics first, then objects.
try:
title, content = html_topicpage(url)
except ValueError:
title, content = html_getobj(url)
elif op == "get?key":
# try objects first, then topics.
if url in ("", "index"):
title, content = html_index()
else:
try:
title, content = html_getobj(url)
except ValueError:
title, content = html_topicpage(url)
else:
raise ValueError('bad pydoc url')
else:
title, content = html_getobj(url)
except Exception as exc:
# Catch any errors and display them in an error page.
title, content = html_error(complete_url, exc)
return html.page(title, content)
if url.startswith('/'):
url = url[1:]
if content_type == 'text/css':
path_here = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
css_path = os.path.join(path_here, url)
with open(css_path) as fp:
return ''.join(fp.readlines())
elif content_type == 'text/html':
return get_html_page(url)
# Errors outside the url handler are caught by the server.
raise TypeError('unknown content type %r for url %s' % (content_type, url))
def browse(port=0, *, open_browser=True):
"""Start the enhanced pydoc Web server and open a Web browser.
Use port '0' to start the server on an arbitrary port.
Set open_browser to False to suppress opening a browser.
"""
import webbrowser
serverthread = _start_server(_url_handler, port)
if serverthread.error:
print(serverthread.error)
return
if serverthread.serving:
server_help_msg = 'Server commands: [b]rowser, [q]uit'
if open_browser:
webbrowser.open(serverthread.url)
try:
print('Server ready at', serverthread.url)
print(server_help_msg)
while serverthread.serving:
cmd = input('server> ')
cmd = cmd.lower()
if cmd == 'q':
break
elif cmd == 'b':
webbrowser.open(serverthread.url)
else:
print(server_help_msg)
except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
print()
finally:
if serverthread.serving:
serverthread.stop()
print('Server stopped')
# -------------------------------------------------- command-line interface
def ispath(x):
return isinstance(x, str) and x.find(os.sep) >= 0
def cli():
"""Command-line interface (looks at sys.argv to decide what to do)."""
import getopt
class BadUsage(Exception): pass
# Scripts don't get the current directory in their path by default
# unless they are run with the '-m' switch
if '' not in sys.path:
scriptdir = os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0])
if scriptdir in sys.path:
sys.path.remove(scriptdir)
sys.path.insert(0, '.')
try:
opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 'bk:p:w')
writing = False
start_server = False
open_browser = False
port = None
for opt, val in opts:
if opt == '-b':
start_server = True
open_browser = True
if opt == '-k':
apropos(val)
return
if opt == '-p':
start_server = True
port = val
if opt == '-w':
writing = True
if start_server:
if port is None:
port = 0
browse(port, open_browser=open_browser)
return
if not args: raise BadUsage
for arg in args:
if ispath(arg) and not os.path.exists(arg):
print('file %r does not exist' % arg)
break
try:
if ispath(arg) and os.path.isfile(arg):
arg = importfile(arg)
if writing:
if ispath(arg) and os.path.isdir(arg):
writedocs(arg)
else:
writedoc(arg)
else:
help.help(arg)
except ErrorDuringImport as value:
print(value)
except (getopt.error, BadUsage):
cmd = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]))[0]
print("""pydoc - the Python documentation tool
{cmd} <name> ...
Show text documentation on something. <name> may be the name of a
Python keyword, topic, function, module, or package, or a dotted
reference to a class or function within a module or module in a
package. If <name> contains a '{sep}', it is used as the path to a
Python source file to document. If name is 'keywords', 'topics',
or 'modules', a listing of these things is displayed.
{cmd} -k <keyword>
Search for a keyword in the synopsis lines of all available modules.
{cmd} -p <port>
Start an HTTP server on the given port on the local machine. Port
number 0 can be used to get an arbitrary unused port.
{cmd} -b
Start an HTTP server on an arbitrary unused port and open a Web browser
to interactively browse documentation. The -p option can be used with
the -b option to explicitly specify the server port.
{cmd} -w <name> ...
Write out the HTML documentation for a module to a file in the current
directory. If <name> contains a '{sep}', it is treated as a filename; if
it names a directory, documentation is written for all the contents.
""".format(cmd=cmd, sep=os.sep))
if __name__ == '__main__':
cli()
"""Cache lines from Python source files.
This is intended to read lines from modules imported -- hence if a filename
is not found, it will look down the module search path for a file by
that name.
"""
import functools
import sys
import os
import tokenize
__all__ = ["getline", "clearcache", "checkcache"]
def getline(filename, lineno, module_globals=None):
lines = getlines(filename, module_globals)
if 1 <= lineno <= len(lines):
return lines[lineno-1]
else:
return ''
# The cache
# The cache. Maps filenames to either a thunk which will provide source code,
# or a tuple (size, mtime, lines, fullname) once loaded.
cache = {}
def clearcache():
"""Clear the cache entirely."""
global cache
cache = {}
def getlines(filename, module_globals=None):
"""Get the lines for a Python source file from the cache.
Update the cache if it doesn't contain an entry for this file already."""
if filename in cache:
entry = cache[filename]
if len(entry) != 1:
return cache[filename][2]
try:
return updatecache(filename, module_globals)
except MemoryError:
clearcache()
return []
def checkcache(filename=None):
"""Discard cache entries that are out of date.
(This is not checked upon each call!)"""
if filename is None:
filenames = list(cache.keys())
else:
if filename in cache:
filenames = [filename]
else:
return
for filename in filenames:
entry = cache[filename]
if len(entry) == 1:
# lazy cache entry, leave it lazy.
continue
size, mtime, lines, fullname = entry
if mtime is None:
continue # no-op for files loaded via a __loader__
try:
stat = os.stat(fullname)
except OSError:
del cache[filename]
continue
if size != stat.st_size or mtime != stat.st_mtime:
del cache[filename]
def updatecache(filename, module_globals=None):
"""Update a cache entry and return its list of lines.
If something's wrong, print a message, discard the cache entry,
and return an empty list."""
if filename in cache:
if len(cache[filename]) != 1:
del cache[filename]
if not filename or (filename.startswith('<') and filename.endswith('>')):
return []
fullname = filename
try:
stat = os.stat(fullname)
except OSError:
basename = filename
# Realise a lazy loader based lookup if there is one
# otherwise try to lookup right now.
if lazycache(filename, module_globals):
try:
data = cache[filename][0]()
except (ImportError, OSError):
pass
else:
if data is None:
# No luck, the PEP302 loader cannot find the source
# for this module.
return []
cache[filename] = (
len(data), None,
[line+'\n' for line in data.splitlines()], fullname
)
return cache[filename][2]
# Try looking through the module search path, which is only useful
# when handling a relative filename.
if os.path.isabs(filename):
return []
for dirname in sys.path:
try:
fullname = os.path.join(dirname, basename)
except (TypeError, AttributeError):
# Not sufficiently string-like to do anything useful with.
continue
try:
stat = os.stat(fullname)
break
except OSError:
pass
else:
return []
try:
with tokenize.open(fullname) as fp:
lines = fp.readlines()
except OSError:
return []
if lines and not lines[-1].endswith('\n'):
lines[-1] += '\n'
size, mtime = stat.st_size, stat.st_mtime
cache[filename] = size, mtime, lines, fullname
return lines
def lazycache(filename, module_globals):
"""Seed the cache for filename with module_globals.
The module loader will be asked for the source only when getlines is
called, not immediately.
If there is an entry in the cache already, it is not altered.
:return: True if a lazy load is registered in the cache,
otherwise False. To register such a load a module loader with a
get_source method must be found, the filename must be a cachable
filename, and the filename must not be already cached.
"""
if filename in cache:
if len(cache[filename]) == 1:
return True
else:
return False
if not filename or (filename.startswith('<') and filename.endswith('>')):
return False
# Try for a __loader__, if available
if module_globals and '__loader__' in module_globals:
name = module_globals.get('__name__')
loader = module_globals['__loader__']
get_source = getattr(loader, 'get_source', None)
if name and get_source:
get_lines = functools.partial(get_source, name)
cache[filename] = (get_lines,)
return True
return False
r"""HTTP cookie handling for web clients.
This module has (now fairly distant) origins in Gisle Aas' Perl module
HTTP::Cookies, from the libwww-perl library.
Docstrings, comments and debug strings in this code refer to the
attributes of the HTTP cookie system as cookie-attributes, to distinguish
them clearly from Python attributes.
Class diagram (note that BSDDBCookieJar and the MSIE* classes are not
distributed with the Python standard library, but are available from
http://wwwsearch.sf.net/):
CookieJar____
/ \ \
FileCookieJar \ \
/ | \ \ \
MozillaCookieJar | LWPCookieJar \ \
| | \
| ---MSIEBase | \
| / | | \
| / MSIEDBCookieJar BSDDBCookieJar
|/
MSIECookieJar
"""
__all__ = ['Cookie', 'CookieJar', 'CookiePolicy', 'DefaultCookiePolicy',
'FileCookieJar', 'LWPCookieJar', 'LoadError', 'MozillaCookieJar']
import copy
import datetime
import re
import time
import urllib.parse, urllib.request
try:
import threading as _threading
except ImportError:
import dummy_threading as _threading
import http.client # only for the default HTTP port
from calendar import timegm
debug = False # set to True to enable debugging via the logging module
logger = None
def _debug(*args):
if not debug:
return
global logger
if not logger:
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger("http.cookiejar")
return logger.debug(*args)
DEFAULT_HTTP_PORT = str(http.client.HTTP_PORT)
MISSING_FILENAME_TEXT = ("a filename was not supplied (nor was the CookieJar "
"instance initialised with one)")
def _warn_unhandled_exception():
# There are a few catch-all except: statements in this module, for
# catching input that's bad in unexpected ways. Warn if any
# exceptions are caught there.
import io, warnings, traceback
f = io.StringIO()
traceback.print_exc(None, f)
msg = f.getvalue()
warnings.warn("http.cookiejar bug!\n%s" % msg, stacklevel=2)
# Date/time conversion
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
EPOCH_YEAR = 1970
def _timegm(tt):
year, month, mday, hour, min, sec = tt[:6]
if ((year >= EPOCH_YEAR) and (1 <= month <= 12) and (1 <= mday <= 31) and
(0 <= hour <= 24) and (0 <= min <= 59) and (0 <= sec <= 61)):
return timegm(tt)
else:
return None
DAYS = ["Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun"]
MONTHS = ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun",
"Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"]
MONTHS_LOWER = []
for month in MONTHS: MONTHS_LOWER.append(month.lower())
def time2isoz(t=None):
"""Return a string representing time in seconds since epoch, t.
If the function is called without an argument, it will use the current
time.
The format of the returned string is like "YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ssZ",
representing Universal Time (UTC, aka GMT). An example of this format is:
1994-11-24 08:49:37Z
"""
if t is None:
dt = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
else:
dt = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(t)
return "%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02dZ" % (
dt.year, dt.month, dt.day, dt.hour, dt.minute, dt.second)
def time2netscape(t=None):
"""Return a string representing time in seconds since epoch, t.
If the function is called without an argument, it will use the current
time.
The format of the returned string is like this:
Wed, DD-Mon-YYYY HH:MM:SS GMT
"""
if t is None:
dt = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
else:
dt = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(t)
return "%s, %02d-%s-%04d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT" % (
DAYS[dt.weekday()], dt.day, MONTHS[dt.month-1],
dt.year, dt.hour, dt.minute, dt.second)
UTC_ZONES = {"GMT": None, "UTC": None, "UT": None, "Z": None}
TIMEZONE_RE = re.compile(r"^([-+])?(\d\d?):?(\d\d)?$", re.ASCII)
def offset_from_tz_string(tz):
offset = None
if tz in UTC_ZONES:
offset = 0
else:
m = TIMEZONE_RE.search(tz)
if m:
offset = 3600 * int(m.group(2))
if m.group(3):
offset = offset + 60 * int(m.group(3))
if m.group(1) == '-':
offset = -offset
return offset
def _str2time(day, mon, yr, hr, min, sec, tz):
yr = int(yr)
if yr > datetime.MAXYEAR:
return None
# translate month name to number
# month numbers start with 1 (January)
try:
mon = MONTHS_LOWER.index(mon.lower())+1
except ValueError:
# maybe it's already a number
try:
imon = int(mon)
except ValueError:
return None
if 1 <= imon <= 12:
mon = imon
else:
return None
# make sure clock elements are defined
if hr is None: hr = 0
if min is None: min = 0
if sec is None: sec = 0
day = int(day)
hr = int(hr)
min = int(min)
sec = int(sec)
if yr < 1000:
# find "obvious" year
cur_yr = time.localtime(time.time())[0]
m = cur_yr % 100
tmp = yr
yr = yr + cur_yr - m
m = m - tmp
if abs(m) > 50:
if m > 0: yr = yr + 100
else: yr = yr - 100
# convert UTC time tuple to seconds since epoch (not timezone-adjusted)
t = _timegm((yr, mon, day, hr, min, sec, tz))
if t is not None:
# adjust time using timezone string, to get absolute time since epoch
if tz is None:
tz = "UTC"
tz = tz.upper()
offset = offset_from_tz_string(tz)
if offset is None:
return None
t = t - offset
return t
STRICT_DATE_RE = re.compile(
r"^[SMTWF][a-z][a-z], (\d\d) ([JFMASOND][a-z][a-z]) "
r"(\d\d\d\d) (\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d) GMT$", re.ASCII)
WEEKDAY_RE = re.compile(
r"^(?:Sun|Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat)[a-z]*,?\s*", re.I | re.ASCII)
LOOSE_HTTP_DATE_RE = re.compile(
r"""^
(\d\d?) # day
(?:\s+|[-\/])
(\w+) # month
(?:\s+|[-\/])
(\d+) # year
(?:
(?:\s+|:) # separator before clock
(\d\d?):(\d\d) # hour:min
(?::(\d\d))? # optional seconds
)? # optional clock
\s*
([-+]?\d{2,4}|(?![APap][Mm]\b)[A-Za-z]+)? # timezone
\s*
(?:\(\w+\))? # ASCII representation of timezone in parens.
\s*$""", re.X | re.ASCII)
def http2time(text):
"""Returns time in seconds since epoch of time represented by a string.
Return value is an integer.
None is returned if the format of str is unrecognized, the time is outside
the representable range, or the timezone string is not recognized. If the
string contains no timezone, UTC is assumed.
The timezone in the string may be numerical (like "-0800" or "+0100") or a
string timezone (like "UTC", "GMT", "BST" or "EST"). Currently, only the
timezone strings equivalent to UTC (zero offset) are known to the function.
The function loosely parses the following formats:
Wed, 09 Feb 1994 22:23:32 GMT -- HTTP format
Tuesday, 08-Feb-94 14:15:29 GMT -- old rfc850 HTTP format
Tuesday, 08-Feb-1994 14:15:29 GMT -- broken rfc850 HTTP format
09 Feb 1994 22:23:32 GMT -- HTTP format (no weekday)
08-Feb-94 14:15:29 GMT -- rfc850 format (no weekday)
08-Feb-1994 14:15:29 GMT -- broken rfc850 format (no weekday)
The parser ignores leading and trailing whitespace. The time may be
absent.
If the year is given with only 2 digits, the function will select the
century that makes the year closest to the current date.
"""
# fast exit for strictly conforming string
m = STRICT_DATE_RE.search(text)
if m:
g = m.groups()
mon = MONTHS_LOWER.index(g[1].lower()) + 1
tt = (int(g[2]), mon, int(g[0]),
int(g[3]), int(g[4]), float(g[5]))
return _timegm(tt)
# No, we need some messy parsing...
# clean up
text = text.lstrip()
text = WEEKDAY_RE.sub("", text, 1) # Useless weekday
# tz is time zone specifier string
day, mon, yr, hr, min, sec, tz = [None]*7
# loose regexp parse
m = LOOSE_HTTP_DATE_RE.search(text)
if m is not None:
day, mon, yr, hr, min, sec, tz = m.groups()
else:
return None # bad format
return _str2time(day, mon, yr, hr, min, sec, tz)
ISO_DATE_RE = re.compile(
r"""^
(\d{4}) # year
[-\/]?
(\d\d?) # numerical month
[-\/]?
(\d\d?) # day
(?:
(?:\s+|[-:Tt]) # separator before clock
(\d\d?):?(\d\d) # hour:min
(?::?(\d\d(?:\.\d*)?))? # optional seconds (and fractional)
)? # optional clock
\s*
([-+]?\d\d?:?(:?\d\d)?
|Z|z)? # timezone (Z is "zero meridian", i.e. GMT)
\s*$""", re.X | re. ASCII)
def iso2time(text):
"""
As for http2time, but parses the ISO 8601 formats:
1994-02-03 14:15:29 -0100 -- ISO 8601 format
1994-02-03 14:15:29 -- zone is optional
1994-02-03 -- only date
1994-02-03T14:15:29 -- Use T as separator
19940203T141529Z -- ISO 8601 compact format
19940203 -- only date
"""
# clean up
text = text.lstrip()
# tz is time zone specifier string
day, mon, yr, hr, min, sec, tz = [None]*7
# loose regexp parse
m = ISO_DATE_RE.search(text)
if m is not None:
# XXX there's an extra bit of the timezone I'm ignoring here: is
# this the right thing to do?
yr, mon, day, hr, min, sec, tz, _ = m.groups()
else:
return None # bad format
return _str2time(day, mon, yr, hr, min, sec, tz)
# Header parsing
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
def unmatched(match):
"""Return unmatched part of re.Match object."""
start, end = match.span(0)
return match.string[:start]+match.string[end:]
HEADER_TOKEN_RE = re.compile(r"^\s*([^=\s;,]+)")
HEADER_QUOTED_VALUE_RE = re.compile(r"^\s*=\s*\"([^\"\\]*(?:\\.[^\"\\]*)*)\"")
HEADER_VALUE_RE = re.compile(r"^\s*=\s*([^\s;,]*)")
HEADER_ESCAPE_RE = re.compile(r"\\(.)")
def split_header_words(header_values):
r"""Parse header values into a list of lists containing key,value pairs.
The function knows how to deal with ",", ";" and "=" as well as quoted
values after "=". A list of space separated tokens are parsed as if they
were separated by ";".
If the header_values passed as argument contains multiple values, then they
are treated as if they were a single value separated by comma ",".
This means that this function is useful for parsing header fields that
follow this syntax (BNF as from the HTTP/1.1 specification, but we relax
the requirement for tokens).
headers = #header
header = (token | parameter) *( [";"] (token | parameter))
token = 1*<any CHAR except CTLs or separators>
separators = "(" | ")" | "<" | ">" | "@"
| "," | ";" | ":" | "\" | <">
| "/" | "[" | "]" | "?" | "="
| "{" | "}" | SP | HT
quoted-string = ( <"> *(qdtext | quoted-pair ) <"> )
qdtext = <any TEXT except <">>
quoted-pair = "\" CHAR
parameter = attribute "=" value
attribute = token
value = token | quoted-string
Each header is represented by a list of key/value pairs. The value for a
simple token (not part of a parameter) is None. Syntactically incorrect
headers will not necessarily be parsed as you would want.
This is easier to describe with some examples:
>>> split_header_words(['foo="bar"; port="80,81"; discard, bar=baz'])
[[('foo', 'bar'), ('port', '80,81'), ('discard', None)], [('bar', 'baz')]]
>>> split_header_words(['text/html; charset="iso-8859-1"'])
[[('text/html', None), ('charset', 'iso-8859-1')]]
>>> split_header_words([r'Basic realm="\"foo\bar\""'])
[[('Basic', None), ('realm', '"foobar"')]]
"""
assert not isinstance(header_values, str)
result = []
for text in header_values:
orig_text = text
pairs = []
while text:
m = HEADER_TOKEN_RE.search(text)
if m:
text = unmatched(m)
name = m.group(1)
m = HEADER_QUOTED_VALUE_RE.search(text)
if m: # quoted value
text = unmatched(m)
value = m.group(1)
value = HEADER_ESCAPE_RE.sub(r"\1", value)
else:
m = HEADER_VALUE_RE.search(text)
if m: # unquoted value
text = unmatched(m)
value = m.group(1)
value = value.rstrip()
else:
# no value, a lone token
value = None
pairs.append((name, value))
elif text.lstrip().startswith(","):
# concatenated headers, as per RFC 2616 section 4.2
text = text.lstrip()[1:]
if pairs: result.append(pairs)
pairs = []
else:
# skip junk
non_junk, nr_junk_chars = re.subn(r"^[=\s;]*", "", text)
assert nr_junk_chars > 0, (
"split_header_words bug: '%s', '%s', %s" %
(orig_text, text, pairs))
text = non_junk
if pairs: result.append(pairs)
return result
HEADER_JOIN_ESCAPE_RE = re.compile(r"([\"\\])")
def join_header_words(lists):
"""Do the inverse (almost) of the conversion done by split_header_words.
Takes a list of lists of (key, value) pairs and produces a single header
value. Attribute values are quoted if needed.
>>> join_header_words([[("text/plain", None), ("charset", "iso-8859-1")]])
'text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"'
>>> join_header_words([[("text/plain", None)], [("charset", "iso-8859-1")]])
'text/plain, charset="iso-8859-1"'
"""
headers = []
for pairs in lists:
attr = []
for k, v in pairs:
if v is not None:
if not re.search(r"^\w+$", v):
v = HEADER_JOIN_ESCAPE_RE.sub(r"\\\1", v) # escape " and \
v = '"%s"' % v
k = "%s=%s" % (k, v)
attr.append(k)
if attr: headers.append("; ".join(attr))
return ", ".join(headers)
def strip_quotes(text):
if text.startswith('"'):
text = text[1:]
if text.endswith('"'):
text = text[:-1]
return text
def parse_ns_headers(ns_headers):
"""Ad-hoc parser for Netscape protocol cookie-attributes.
The old Netscape cookie format for Set-Cookie can for instance contain
an unquoted "," in the expires field, so we have to use this ad-hoc
parser instead of split_header_words.
XXX This may not make the best possible effort to parse all the crap
that Netscape Cookie headers contain. Ronald Tschalar's HTTPClient
parser is probably better, so could do worse than following that if
this ever gives any trouble.
Currently, this is also used for parsing RFC 2109 cookies.
"""
known_attrs = ("expires", "domain", "path", "secure",
# RFC 2109 attrs (may turn up in Netscape cookies, too)
"version", "port", "max-age")
result = []
for ns_header in ns_headers:
pairs = []
version_set = False
# XXX: The following does not strictly adhere to RFCs in that empty
# names and values are legal (the former will only appear once and will
# be overwritten if multiple occurrences are present). This is
# mostly to deal with backwards compatibility.
for ii, param in enumerate(ns_header.split(';')):
param = param.strip()
key, sep, val = param.partition('=')
key = key.strip()
if not key:
if ii == 0:
break
else:
continue
# allow for a distinction between present and empty and missing
# altogether
val = val.strip() if sep else None
if ii != 0:
lc = key.lower()
if lc in known_attrs:
key = lc
if key == "version":
# This is an RFC 2109 cookie.
if val is not None:
val = strip_quotes(val)
version_set = True
elif key == "expires":
# convert expires date to seconds since epoch
if val is not None:
val = http2time(strip_quotes(val)) # None if invalid
pairs.append((key, val))
if pairs:
if not version_set:
pairs.append(("version", "0"))
result.append(pairs)
return result
IPV4_RE = re.compile(r"\.\d+$", re.ASCII)
def is_HDN(text):
"""Return True if text is a host domain name."""
# XXX
# This may well be wrong. Which RFC is HDN defined in, if any (for
# the purposes of RFC 2965)?
# For the current implementation, what about IPv6? Remember to look
# at other uses of IPV4_RE also, if change this.
if IPV4_RE.search(text):
return False
if text == "":
return False
if text[0] == "." or text[-1] == ".":
return False
return True
def domain_match(A, B):
"""Return True if domain A domain-matches domain B, according to RFC 2965.
A and B may be host domain names or IP addresses.
RFC 2965, section 1:
Host names can be specified either as an IP address or a HDN string.
Sometimes we compare one host name with another. (Such comparisons SHALL
be case-insensitive.) Host A's name domain-matches host B's if
* their host name strings string-compare equal; or
* A is a HDN string and has the form NB, where N is a non-empty
name string, B has the form .B', and B' is a HDN string. (So,
x.y.com domain-matches .Y.com but not Y.com.)
Note that domain-match is not a commutative operation: a.b.c.com
domain-matches .c.com, but not the reverse.
"""
# Note that, if A or B are IP addresses, the only relevant part of the
# definition of the domain-match algorithm is the direct string-compare.
A = A.lower()
B = B.lower()
if A == B:
return True
if not is_HDN(A):
return False
i = A.rfind(B)
if i == -1 or i == 0:
# A does not have form NB, or N is the empty string
return False
if not B.startswith("."):
return False
if not is_HDN(B[1:]):
return False
return True
def liberal_is_HDN(text):
"""Return True if text is a sort-of-like a host domain name.
For accepting/blocking domains.
"""
if IPV4_RE.search(text):
return False
return True
def user_domain_match(A, B):
"""For blocking/accepting domains.
A and B may be host domain names or IP addresses.
"""
A = A.lower()
B = B.lower()
if not (liberal_is_HDN(A) and liberal_is_HDN(B)):
if A == B:
# equal IP addresses
return True
return False
initial_dot = B.startswith(".")
if initial_dot and A.endswith(B):
return True
if not initial_dot and A == B:
return True
return False
cut_port_re = re.compile(r":\d+$", re.ASCII)
def request_host(request):
"""Return request-host, as defined by RFC 2965.
Variation from RFC: returned value is lowercased, for convenient
comparison.
"""
url = request.get_full_url()
host = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)[1]
if host == "":
host = request.get_header("Host", "")
# remove port, if present
host = cut_port_re.sub("", host, 1)
return host.lower()
def eff_request_host(request):
"""Return a tuple (request-host, effective request-host name).
As defined by RFC 2965, except both are lowercased.
"""
erhn = req_host = request_host(request)
if req_host.find(".") == -1 and not IPV4_RE.search(req_host):
erhn = req_host + ".local"
return req_host, erhn
def request_path(request):
"""Path component of request-URI, as defined by RFC 2965."""
url = request.get_full_url()
parts = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
path = escape_path(parts.path)
if not path.startswith("/"):
# fix bad RFC 2396 absoluteURI
path = "/" + path
return path
def request_port(request):
host = request.host
i = host.find(':')
if i >= 0:
port = host[i+1:]
try:
int(port)
except ValueError:
_debug("nonnumeric port: '%s'", port)
return None
else:
port = DEFAULT_HTTP_PORT
return port
# Characters in addition to A-Z, a-z, 0-9, '_', '.', and '-' that don't
# need to be escaped to form a valid HTTP URL (RFCs 2396 and 1738).
HTTP_PATH_SAFE = "%/;:@&=+$,!~*'()"
ESCAPED_CHAR_RE = re.compile(r"%([0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F])")
def uppercase_escaped_char(match):
return "%%%s" % match.group(1).upper()
def escape_path(path):
"""Escape any invalid characters in HTTP URL, and uppercase all escapes."""
# There's no knowing what character encoding was used to create URLs
# containing %-escapes, but since we have to pick one to escape invalid
# path characters, we pick UTF-8, as recommended in the HTML 4.0
# specification:
# http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/appendix/notes.html#h-B.2.1
# And here, kind of: draft-fielding-uri-rfc2396bis-03
# (And in draft IRI specification: draft-duerst-iri-05)
# (And here, for new URI schemes: RFC 2718)
path = urllib.parse.quote(path, HTTP_PATH_SAFE)
path = ESCAPED_CHAR_RE.sub(uppercase_escaped_char, path)
return path
def reach(h):
"""Return reach of host h, as defined by RFC 2965, section 1.
The reach R of a host name H is defined as follows:
* If
- H is the host domain name of a host; and,
- H has the form A.B; and
- A has no embedded (that is, interior) dots; and
- B has at least one embedded dot, or B is the string "local".
then the reach of H is .B.
* Otherwise, the reach of H is H.
>>> reach("www.acme.com")
'.acme.com'
>>> reach("acme.com")
'acme.com'
>>> reach("acme.local")
'.local'
"""
i = h.find(".")
if i >= 0:
#a = h[:i] # this line is only here to show what a is
b = h[i+1:]
i = b.find(".")
if is_HDN(h) and (i >= 0 or b == "local"):
return "."+b
return h
def is_third_party(request):
"""
RFC 2965, section 3.3.6:
An unverifiable transaction is to a third-party host if its request-
host U does not domain-match the reach R of the request-host O in the
origin transaction.
"""
req_host = request_host(request)
if not domain_match(req_host, reach(request.origin_req_host)):
return True
else:
return False
class Cookie:
"""HTTP Cookie.
This class represents both Netscape and RFC 2965 cookies.
This is deliberately a very simple class. It just holds attributes. It's
possible to construct Cookie instances that don't comply with the cookie
standards. CookieJar.make_cookies is the factory function for Cookie
objects -- it deals with cookie parsing, supplying defaults, and
normalising to the representation used in this class. CookiePolicy is
responsible for checking them to see whether they should be accepted from
and returned to the server.
Note that the port may be present in the headers, but unspecified ("Port"
rather than"Port=80", for example); if this is the case, port is None.
"""
def __init__(self, version, name, value,
port, port_specified,
domain, domain_specified, domain_initial_dot,
path, path_specified,
secure,
expires,
discard,
comment,
comment_url,
rest,
rfc2109=False,
):
if version is not None: version = int(version)
if expires is not None: expires = int(float(expires))
if port is None and port_specified is True:
raise ValueError("if port is None, port_specified must be false")
self.version = version
self.name = name
self.value = value
self.port = port
self.port_specified = port_specified
# normalise case, as per RFC 2965 section 3.3.3
self.domain = domain.lower()
self.domain_specified = domain_specified
# Sigh. We need to know whether the domain given in the
# cookie-attribute had an initial dot, in order to follow RFC 2965
# (as clarified in draft errata). Needed for the returned $Domain
# value.
self.domain_initial_dot = domain_initial_dot
self.path = path
self.path_specified = path_specified
self.secure = secure
self.expires = expires
self.discard = discard
self.comment = comment
self.comment_url = comment_url
self.rfc2109 = rfc2109
self._rest = copy.copy(rest)
def has_nonstandard_attr(self, name):
return name in self._rest
def get_nonstandard_attr(self, name, default=None):
return self._rest.get(name, default)
def set_nonstandard_attr(self, name, value):
self._rest[name] = value
def is_expired(self, now=None):
if now is None: now = time.time()
if (self.expires is not None) and (self.expires <= now):
return True
return False
def __str__(self):
if self.port is None: p = ""
else: p = ":"+self.port
limit = self.domain + p + self.path
if self.value is not None:
namevalue = "%s=%s" % (self.name, self.value)
else:
namevalue = self.name
return "<Cookie %s for %s>" % (namevalue, limit)
def __repr__(self):
args = []
for name in ("version", "name", "value",
"port", "port_specified",
"domain", "domain_specified", "domain_initial_dot",
"path", "path_specified",
"secure", "expires", "discard", "comment", "comment_url",
):
attr = getattr(self, name)
args.append("%s=%s" % (name, repr(attr)))
args.append("rest=%s" % repr(self._rest))
args.append("rfc2109=%s" % repr(self.rfc2109))
return "%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__, ", ".join(args))
class CookiePolicy:
"""Defines which cookies get accepted from and returned to server.
May also modify cookies, though this is probably a bad idea.
The subclass DefaultCookiePolicy defines the standard rules for Netscape
and RFC 2965 cookies -- override that if you want a customized policy.
"""
def set_ok(self, cookie, request):
"""Return true if (and only if) cookie should be accepted from server.
Currently, pre-expired cookies never get this far -- the CookieJar
class deletes such cookies itself.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
def return_ok(self, cookie, request):
"""Return true if (and only if) cookie should be returned to server."""
raise NotImplementedError()
def domain_return_ok(self, domain, request):
"""Return false if cookies should not be returned, given cookie domain.
"""
return True
def path_return_ok(self, path, request):
"""Return false if cookies should not be returned, given cookie path.
"""
return True
class DefaultCookiePolicy(CookiePolicy):
"""Implements the standard rules for accepting and returning cookies."""
DomainStrictNoDots = 1
DomainStrictNonDomain = 2
DomainRFC2965Match = 4
DomainLiberal = 0
DomainStrict = DomainStrictNoDots|DomainStrictNonDomain
def __init__(self,
blocked_domains=None, allowed_domains=None,
netscape=True, rfc2965=False,
rfc2109_as_netscape=None,
hide_cookie2=False,
strict_domain=False,
strict_rfc2965_unverifiable=True,
strict_ns_unverifiable=False,
strict_ns_domain=DomainLiberal,
strict_ns_set_initial_dollar=False,
strict_ns_set_path=False,
):
"""Constructor arguments should be passed as keyword arguments only."""
self.netscape = netscape
self.rfc2965 = rfc2965
self.rfc2109_as_netscape = rfc2109_as_netscape
self.hide_cookie2 = hide_cookie2
self.strict_domain = strict_domain
self.strict_rfc2965_unverifiable = strict_rfc2965_unverifiable
self.strict_ns_unverifiable = strict_ns_unverifiable
self.strict_ns_domain = strict_ns_domain
self.strict_ns_set_initial_dollar = strict_ns_set_initial_dollar
self.strict_ns_set_path = strict_ns_set_path
if blocked_domains is not None:
self._blocked_domains = tuple(blocked_domains)
else:
self._blocked_domains = ()
if allowed_domains is not None:
allowed_domains = tuple(allowed_domains)
self._allowed_domains = allowed_domains
def blocked_domains(self):
"""Return the sequence of blocked domains (as a tuple)."""
return self._blocked_domains
def set_blocked_domains(self, blocked_domains):
"""Set the sequence of blocked domains."""
self._blocked_domains = tuple(blocked_domains)
def is_blocked(self, domain):
for blocked_domain in self._blocked_domains:
if user_domain_match(domain, blocked_domain):
return True
return False
def allowed_domains(self):
"""Return None, or the sequence of allowed domains (as a tuple)."""
return self._allowed_domains
def set_allowed_domains(self, allowed_domains):
"""Set the sequence of allowed domains, or None."""
if allowed_domains is not None:
allowed_domains = tuple(allowed_domains)
self._allowed_domains = allowed_domains
def is_not_allowed(self, domain):
if self._allowed_domains is None:
return False
for allowed_domain in self._allowed_domains:
if user_domain_match(domain, allowed_domain):
return False
return True
def set_ok(self, cookie, request):
"""
If you override .set_ok(), be sure to call this method. If it returns
false, so should your subclass (assuming your subclass wants to be more
strict about which cookies to accept).
"""
_debug(" - checking cookie %s=%s", cookie.name, cookie.value)
assert cookie.name is not None
for n in "version", "verifiability", "name", "path", "domain", "port":
fn_name = "set_ok_"+n
fn = getattr(self, fn_name)
if not fn(cookie, request):
return False
return True
def set_ok_version(self, cookie, request):
if cookie.version is None:
# Version is always set to 0 by parse_ns_headers if it's a Netscape
# cookie, so this must be an invalid RFC 2965 cookie.
_debug(" Set-Cookie2 without version attribute (%s=%s)",
cookie.name, cookie.value)
return False
if cookie.version > 0 and not self.rfc2965:
_debug(" RFC 2965 cookies are switched off")
return False
elif cookie.version == 0 and not self.netscape:
_debug(" Netscape cookies are switched off")
return False
return True
def set_ok_verifiability(self, cookie, request):
if request.unverifiable and is_third_party(request):
if cookie.version > 0 and self.strict_rfc2965_unverifiable:
_debug(" third-party RFC 2965 cookie during "
"unverifiable transaction")
return False
elif cookie.version == 0 and self.strict_ns_unverifiable:
_debug(" third-party Netscape cookie during "
"unverifiable transaction")
return False
return True
def set_ok_name(self, cookie, request):
# Try and stop servers setting V0 cookies designed to hack other
# servers that know both V0 and V1 protocols.
if (cookie.version == 0 and self.strict_ns_set_initial_dollar and
cookie.name.startswith("$")):
_debug(" illegal name (starts with '$'): '%s'", cookie.name)
return False
return True
def set_ok_path(self, cookie, request):
if cookie.path_specified:
req_path = request_path(request)
if ((cookie.version > 0 or
(cookie.version == 0 and self.strict_ns_set_path)) and
not req_path.startswith(cookie.path)):
_debug(" path attribute %s is not a prefix of request "
"path %s", cookie.path, req_path)
return False
return True
def set_ok_domain(self, cookie, request):
if self.is_blocked(cookie.domain):
_debug(" domain %s is in user block-list", cookie.domain)
return False
if self.is_not_allowed(cookie.domain):
_debug(" domain %s is not in user allow-list", cookie.domain)
return False
if cookie.domain_specified:
req_host, erhn = eff_request_host(request)
domain = cookie.domain
if self.strict_domain and (domain.count(".") >= 2):
# XXX This should probably be compared with the Konqueror
# (kcookiejar.cpp) and Mozilla implementations, but it's a
# losing battle.
i = domain.rfind(".")
j = domain.rfind(".", 0, i)
if j == 0: # domain like .foo.bar
tld = domain[i+1:]
sld = domain[j+1:i]
if sld.lower() in ("co", "ac", "com", "edu", "org", "net",
"gov", "mil", "int", "aero", "biz", "cat", "coop",
"info", "jobs", "mobi", "museum", "name", "pro",
"travel", "eu") and len(tld) == 2:
# domain like .co.uk
_debug(" country-code second level domain %s", domain)
return False
if domain.startswith("."):
undotted_domain = domain[1:]
else:
undotted_domain = domain
embedded_dots = (undotted_domain.find(".") >= 0)
if not embedded_dots and domain != ".local":
_debug(" non-local domain %s contains no embedded dot",
domain)
return False
if cookie.version == 0:
if (not erhn.endswith(domain) and
(not erhn.startswith(".") and
not ("."+erhn).endswith(domain))):
_debug(" effective request-host %s (even with added "
"initial dot) does not end with %s",
erhn, domain)
return False
if (cookie.version > 0 or
(self.strict_ns_domain & self.DomainRFC2965Match)):
if not domain_match(erhn, domain):
_debug(" effective request-host %s does not domain-match "
"%s", erhn, domain)
return False
if (cookie.version > 0 or
(self.strict_ns_domain & self.DomainStrictNoDots)):
host_prefix = req_host[:-len(domain)]
if (host_prefix.find(".") >= 0 and
not IPV4_RE.search(req_host)):
_debug(" host prefix %s for domain %s contains a dot",
host_prefix, domain)
return False
return True
def set_ok_port(self, cookie, request):
if cookie.port_specified:
req_port = request_port(request)
if req_port is None:
req_port = "80"
else:
req_port = str(req_port)
for p in cookie.port.split(","):
try:
int(p)
except ValueError:
_debug(" bad port %s (not numeric)", p)
return False
if p == req_port:
break
else:
_debug(" request port (%s) not found in %s",
req_port, cookie.port)
return False
return True
def return_ok(self, cookie, request):
"""
If you override .return_ok(), be sure to call this method. If it
returns false, so should your subclass (assuming your subclass wants to
be more strict about which cookies to return).
"""
# Path has already been checked by .path_return_ok(), and domain
# blocking done by .domain_return_ok().
_debug(" - checking cookie %s=%s", cookie.name, cookie.value)
for n in "version", "verifiability", "secure", "expires", "port", "domain":
fn_name = "return_ok_"+n
fn = getattr(self, fn_name)
if not fn(cookie, request):
return False
return True
def return_ok_version(self, cookie, request):
if cookie.version > 0 and not self.rfc2965:
_debug(" RFC 2965 cookies are switched off")
return False
elif cookie.version == 0 and not self.netscape:
_debug(" Netscape cookies are switched off")
return False
return True
def return_ok_verifiability(self, cookie, request):
if request.unverifiable and is_third_party(request):
if cookie.version > 0 and self.strict_rfc2965_unverifiable:
_debug(" third-party RFC 2965 cookie during unverifiable "
"transaction")
return False
elif cookie.version == 0 and self.strict_ns_unverifiable:
_debug(" third-party Netscape cookie during unverifiable "
"transaction")
return False
return True
def return_ok_secure(self, cookie, request):
if cookie.secure and request.type != "https":
_debug(" secure cookie with non-secure request")
return False
return True
def return_ok_expires(self, cookie, request):
if cookie.is_expired(self._now):
_debug(" cookie expired")
return False
return True
def return_ok_port(self, cookie, request):
if cookie.port:
req_port = request_port(request)
if req_port is None:
req_port = "80"
for p in cookie.port.split(","):
if p == req_port:
break
else:
_debug(" request port %s does not match cookie port %s",
req_port, cookie.port)
return False
return True
def return_ok_domain(self, cookie, request):
req_host, erhn = eff_request_host(request)
domain = cookie.domain
if domain and not domain.startswith("."):
dotdomain = "." + domain
else:
dotdomain = domain
# strict check of non-domain cookies: Mozilla does this, MSIE5 doesn't
if (cookie.version == 0 and
(self.strict_ns_domain & self.DomainStrictNonDomain) and
not cookie.domain_specified and domain != erhn):
_debug(" cookie with unspecified domain does not string-compare "
"equal to request domain")
return False
if cookie.version > 0 and not domain_match(erhn, domain):
_debug(" effective request-host name %s does not domain-match "
"RFC 2965 cookie domain %s", erhn, domain)
return False
if cookie.version == 0 and not ("."+erhn).endswith(dotdomain):
_debug(" request-host %s does not match Netscape cookie domain "
"%s", req_host, domain)
return False
return True
def domain_return_ok(self, domain, request):
# Liberal check of. This is here as an optimization to avoid
# having to load lots of MSIE cookie files unless necessary.
req_host, erhn = eff_request_host(request)
if not req_host.startswith("."):
req_host = "."+req_host
if not erhn.startswith("."):
erhn = "."+erhn
if domain and not domain.startswith("."):
dotdomain = "." + domain
else:
dotdomain = domain
if not (req_host.endswith(dotdomain) or erhn.endswith(dotdomain)):
#_debug(" request domain %s does not match cookie domain %s",
# req_host, domain)
return False
if self.is_blocked(domain):
_debug(" domain %s is in user block-list", domain)
return False
if self.is_not_allowed(domain):
_debug(" domain %s is not in user allow-list", domain)
return False
return True
def path_return_ok(self, path, request):
_debug("- checking cookie path=%s", path)
req_path = request_path(request)
if not req_path.startswith(path):
_debug(" %s does not path-match %s", req_path, path)
return False
return True
def vals_sorted_by_key(adict):
keys = sorted(adict.keys())
return map(adict.get, keys)
def deepvalues(mapping):
"""Iterates over nested mapping, depth-first, in sorted order by key."""
values = vals_sorted_by_key(mapping)
for obj in values:
mapping = False
try:
obj.items
except AttributeError:
pass
else:
mapping = True
yield from deepvalues(obj)
if not mapping:
yield obj
# Used as second parameter to dict.get() method, to distinguish absent
# dict key from one with a None value.
class Absent: pass
class CookieJar:
"""Collection of HTTP cookies.
You may not need to know about this class: try
urllib.request.build_opener(HTTPCookieProcessor).open(url).
"""
non_word_re = re.compile(r"\W")
quote_re = re.compile(r"([\"\\])")
strict_domain_re = re.compile(r"\.?[^.]*")
domain_re = re.compile(r"[^.]*")
dots_re = re.compile(r"^\.+")
magic_re = re.compile(r"^\#LWP-Cookies-(\d+\.\d+)", re.ASCII)
def __init__(self, policy=None):
if policy is None:
policy = DefaultCookiePolicy()
self._policy = policy
self._cookies_lock = _threading.RLock()
self._cookies = {}
def set_policy(self, policy):
self._policy = policy
def _cookies_for_domain(self, domain, request):
cookies = []
if not self._policy.domain_return_ok(domain, request):
return []
_debug("Checking %s for cookies to return", domain)
cookies_by_path = self._cookies[domain]
for path in cookies_by_path.keys():
if not self._policy.path_return_ok(path, request):
continue
cookies_by_name = cookies_by_path[path]
for cookie in cookies_by_name.values():
if not self._policy.return_ok(cookie, request):
_debug(" not returning cookie")
continue
_debug(" it's a match")
cookies.append(cookie)
return cookies
def _cookies_for_request(self, request):
"""Return a list of cookies to be returned to server."""
cookies = []
for domain in self._cookies.keys():
cookies.extend(self._cookies_for_domain(domain, request))
return cookies
def _cookie_attrs(self, cookies):
"""Return a list of cookie-attributes to be returned to server.
like ['foo="bar"; $Path="/"', ...]
The $Version attribute is also added when appropriate (currently only
once per request).
"""
# add cookies in order of most specific (ie. longest) path first
cookies.sort(key=lambda a: len(a.path), reverse=True)
version_set = False
attrs = []
for cookie in cookies:
# set version of Cookie header
# XXX
# What should it be if multiple matching Set-Cookie headers have
# different versions themselves?
# Answer: there is no answer; was supposed to be settled by
# RFC 2965 errata, but that may never appear...
version = cookie.version
if not version_set:
version_set = True
if version > 0:
attrs.append("$Version=%s" % version)
# quote cookie value if necessary
# (not for Netscape protocol, which already has any quotes
# intact, due to the poorly-specified Netscape Cookie: syntax)
if ((cookie.value is not None) and
self.non_word_re.search(cookie.value) and version > 0):
value = self.quote_re.sub(r"\\\1", cookie.value)
else:
value = cookie.value
# add cookie-attributes to be returned in Cookie header
if cookie.value is None:
attrs.append(cookie.name)
else:
attrs.append("%s=%s" % (cookie.name, value))
if version > 0:
if cookie.path_specified:
attrs.append('$Path="%s"' % cookie.path)
if cookie.domain.startswith("."):
domain = cookie.domain
if (not cookie.domain_initial_dot and
domain.startswith(".")):
domain = domain[1:]
attrs.append('$Domain="%s"' % domain)
if cookie.port is not None:
p = "$Port"
if cookie.port_specified:
p = p + ('="%s"' % cookie.port)
attrs.append(p)
return attrs
def add_cookie_header(self, request):
"""Add correct Cookie: header to request (urllib.request.Request object).
The Cookie2 header is also added unless policy.hide_cookie2 is true.
"""
_debug("add_cookie_header")
self._cookies_lock.acquire()
try:
self._policy._now = self._now = int(time.time())
cookies = self._cookies_for_request(request)
attrs = self._cookie_attrs(cookies)
if attrs:
if not request.has_header("Cookie"):
request.add_unredirected_header(
"Cookie", "; ".join(attrs))
# if necessary, advertise that we know RFC 2965
if (self._policy.rfc2965 and not self._policy.hide_cookie2 and
not request.has_header("Cookie2")):
for cookie in cookies:
if cookie.version != 1:
request.add_unredirected_header("Cookie2", '$Version="1"')
break
finally:
self._cookies_lock.release()
self.clear_expired_cookies()
def _normalized_cookie_tuples(self, attrs_set):
"""Return list of tuples containing normalised cookie information.
attrs_set is the list of lists of key,value pairs extracted from
the Set-Cookie or Set-Cookie2 headers.
Tuples are name, value, standard, rest, where name and value are the
cookie name and value, standard is a dictionary containing the standard
cookie-attributes (discard, secure, version, expires or max-age,
domain, path and port) and rest is a dictionary containing the rest of
the cookie-attributes.
"""
cookie_tuples = []
boolean_attrs = "discard", "secure"
value_attrs = ("version",
"expires", "max-age",
"domain", "path", "port",
"comment", "commenturl")
for cookie_attrs in attrs_set:
name, value = cookie_attrs[0]
# Build dictionary of standard cookie-attributes (standard) and
# dictionary of other cookie-attributes (rest).
# Note: expiry time is normalised to seconds since epoch. V0
# cookies should have the Expires cookie-attribute, and V1 cookies
# should have Max-Age, but since V1 includes RFC 2109 cookies (and
# since V0 cookies may be a mish-mash of Netscape and RFC 2109), we
# accept either (but prefer Max-Age).
max_age_set = False
bad_cookie = False
standard = {}
rest = {}
for k, v in cookie_attrs[1:]:
lc = k.lower()
# don't lose case distinction for unknown fields
if lc in value_attrs or lc in boolean_attrs:
k = lc
if k in boolean_attrs and v is None:
# boolean cookie-attribute is present, but has no value
# (like "discard", rather than "port=80")
v = True
if k in standard:
# only first value is significant
continue
if k == "domain":
if v is None:
_debug(" missing value for domain attribute")
bad_cookie = True
break
# RFC 2965 section 3.3.3
v = v.lower()
if k == "expires":
if max_age_set:
# Prefer max-age to expires (like Mozilla)
continue
if v is None:
_debug(" missing or invalid value for expires "
"attribute: treating as session cookie")
continue
if k == "max-age":
max_age_set = True
try:
v = int(v)
except ValueError:
_debug(" missing or invalid (non-numeric) value for "
"max-age attribute")
bad_cookie = True
break
# convert RFC 2965 Max-Age to seconds since epoch
# XXX Strictly you're supposed to follow RFC 2616
# age-calculation rules. Remember that zero Max-Age
# is a request to discard (old and new) cookie, though.
k = "expires"
v = self._now + v
if (k in value_attrs) or (k in boolean_attrs):
if (v is None and
k not in ("port", "comment", "commenturl")):
_debug(" missing value for %s attribute" % k)
bad_cookie = True
break
standard[k] = v
else:
rest[k] = v
if bad_cookie:
continue
cookie_tuples.append((name, value, standard, rest))
return cookie_tuples
def _cookie_from_cookie_tuple(self, tup, request):
# standard is dict of standard cookie-attributes, rest is dict of the
# rest of them
name, value, standard, rest = tup
domain = standard.get("domain", Absent)
path = standard.get("path", Absent)
port = standard.get("port", Absent)
expires = standard.get("expires", Absent)
# set the easy defaults
version = standard.get("version", None)
if version is not None:
try:
version = int(version)
except ValueError:
return None # invalid version, ignore cookie
secure = standard.get("secure", False)
# (discard is also set if expires is Absent)
discard = standard.get("discard", False)
comment = standard.get("comment", None)
comment_url = standard.get("commenturl", None)
# set default path
if path is not Absent and path != "":
path_specified = True
path = escape_path(path)
else:
path_specified = False
path = request_path(request)
i = path.rfind("/")
if i != -1:
if version == 0:
# Netscape spec parts company from reality here
path = path[:i]
else:
path = path[:i+1]
if len(path) == 0: path = "/"
# set default domain
domain_specified = domain is not Absent
# but first we have to remember whether it starts with a dot
domain_initial_dot = False
if domain_specified:
domain_initial_dot = bool(domain.startswith("."))
if domain is Absent:
req_host, erhn = eff_request_host(request)
domain = erhn
elif not domain.startswith("."):
domain = "."+domain
# set default port
port_specified = False
if port is not Absent:
if port is None:
# Port attr present, but has no value: default to request port.
# Cookie should then only be sent back on that port.
port = request_port(request)
else:
port_specified = True
port = re.sub(r"\s+", "", port)
else:
# No port attr present. Cookie can be sent back on any port.
port = None
# set default expires and discard
if expires is Absent:
expires = None
discard = True
elif expires <= self._now:
# Expiry date in past is request to delete cookie. This can't be
# in DefaultCookiePolicy, because can't delete cookies there.
try:
self.clear(domain, path, name)
except KeyError:
pass
_debug("Expiring cookie, domain='%s', path='%s', name='%s'",
domain, path, name)
return None
return Cookie(version,
name, value,
port, port_specified,
domain, domain_specified, domain_initial_dot,
path, path_specified,
secure,
expires,
discard,
comment,
comment_url,
rest)
def _cookies_from_attrs_set(self, attrs_set, request):
cookie_tuples = self._normalized_cookie_tuples(attrs_set)
cookies = []
for tup in cookie_tuples:
cookie = self._cookie_from_cookie_tuple(tup, request)
if cookie: cookies.append(cookie)
return cookies
def _process_rfc2109_cookies(self, cookies):
rfc2109_as_ns = getattr(self._policy, 'rfc2109_as_netscape', None)
if rfc2109_as_ns is None:
rfc2109_as_ns = not self._policy.rfc2965
for cookie in cookies:
if cookie.version == 1:
cookie.rfc2109 = True
if rfc2109_as_ns:
# treat 2109 cookies as Netscape cookies rather than
# as RFC2965 cookies
cookie.version = 0
def make_cookies(self, response, request):
"""Return sequence of Cookie objects extracted from response object."""
# get cookie-attributes for RFC 2965 and Netscape protocols
headers = response.info()
rfc2965_hdrs = headers.get_all("Set-Cookie2", [])
ns_hdrs = headers.get_all("Set-Cookie", [])
rfc2965 = self._policy.rfc2965
netscape = self._policy.netscape
if ((not rfc2965_hdrs and not ns_hdrs) or
(not ns_hdrs and not rfc2965) or
(not rfc2965_hdrs and not netscape) or
(not netscape and not rfc2965)):
return [] # no relevant cookie headers: quick exit
try:
cookies = self._cookies_from_attrs_set(
split_header_words(rfc2965_hdrs), request)
except Exception:
_warn_unhandled_exception()
cookies = []
if ns_hdrs and netscape:
try:
# RFC 2109 and Netscape cookies
ns_cookies = self._cookies_from_attrs_set(
parse_ns_headers(ns_hdrs), request)
except Exception:
_warn_unhandled_exception()
ns_cookies = []
self._process_rfc2109_cookies(ns_cookies)
# Look for Netscape cookies (from Set-Cookie headers) that match
# corresponding RFC 2965 cookies (from Set-Cookie2 headers).
# For each match, keep the RFC 2965 cookie and ignore the Netscape
# cookie (RFC 2965 section 9.1). Actually, RFC 2109 cookies are
# bundled in with the Netscape cookies for this purpose, which is
# reasonable behaviour.
if rfc2965:
lookup = {}
for cookie in cookies:
lookup[(cookie.domain, cookie.path, cookie.name)] = None
def no_matching_rfc2965(ns_cookie, lookup=lookup):
key = ns_cookie.domain, ns_cookie.path, ns_cookie.name
return key not in lookup
ns_cookies = filter(no_matching_rfc2965, ns_cookies)
if ns_cookies:
cookies.extend(ns_cookies)
return cookies
def set_cookie_if_ok(self, cookie, request):
"""Set a cookie if policy says it's OK to do so."""
self._cookies_lock.acquire()
try:
self._policy._now = self._now = int(time.time())
if self._policy.set_ok(cookie, request):
self.set_cookie(cookie)
finally:
self._cookies_lock.release()
def set_cookie(self, cookie):
"""Set a cookie, without checking whether or not it should be set."""
c = self._cookies
self._cookies_lock.acquire()
try:
if cookie.domain not in c: c[cookie.domain] = {}
c2 = c[cookie.domain]
if cookie.path not in c2: c2[cookie.path] = {}
c3 = c2[cookie.path]
c3[cookie.name] = cookie
finally:
self._cookies_lock.release()
def extract_cookies(self, response, request):
"""Extract cookies from response, where allowable given the request."""
_debug("extract_cookies: %s", response.info())
self._cookies_lock.acquire()
try:
self._policy._now = self._now = int(time.time())
for cookie in self.make_cookies(response, request):
if self._policy.set_ok(cookie, request):
_debug(" setting cookie: %s", cookie)
self.set_cookie(cookie)
finally:
self._cookies_lock.release()
def clear(self, domain=None, path=None, name=None):
"""Clear some cookies.
Invoking this method without arguments will clear all cookies. If
given a single argument, only cookies belonging to that domain will be
removed. If given two arguments, cookies belonging to the specified
path within that domain are removed. If given three arguments, then
the cookie with the specified name, path and domain is removed.
Raises KeyError if no matching cookie exists.
"""
if name is not None:
if (domain is None) or (path is None):
raise ValueError(
"domain and path must be given to remove a cookie by name")
del self._cookies[domain][path][name]
elif path is not None:
if domain is None:
raise ValueError(
"domain must be given to remove cookies by path")
del self._cookies[domain][path]
elif domain is not None:
del self._cookies[domain]
else:
self._cookies = {}
def clear_session_cookies(self):
"""Discard all session cookies.
Note that the .save() method won't save session cookies anyway, unless
you ask otherwise by passing a true ignore_discard argument.
"""
self._cookies_lock.acquire()
try:
for cookie in self:
if cookie.discard:
self.clear(cookie.domain, cookie.path, cookie.name)
finally:
self._cookies_lock.release()
def clear_expired_cookies(self):
"""Discard all expired cookies.
You probably don't need to call this method: expired cookies are never
sent back to the server (provided you're using DefaultCookiePolicy),
this method is called by CookieJar itself every so often, and the
.save() method won't save expired cookies anyway (unless you ask
otherwise by passing a true ignore_expires argument).
"""
self._cookies_lock.acquire()
try:
now = time.time()
for cookie in self:
if cookie.is_expired(now):
self.clear(cookie.domain, cookie.path, cookie.name)
finally:
self._cookies_lock.release()
def __iter__(self):
return deepvalues(self._cookies)
def __len__(self):
"""Return number of contained cookies."""
i = 0
for cookie in self: i = i + 1
return i
def __repr__(self):
r = []
for cookie in self: r.append(repr(cookie))
return "<%s[%s]>" % (self.__class__.__name__, ", ".join(r))
def __str__(self):
r = []
for cookie in self: r.append(str(cookie))
return "<%s[%s]>" % (self.__class__.__name__, ", ".join(r))
# derives from OSError for backwards-compatibility with Python 2.4.0
class LoadError(OSError): pass
class FileCookieJar(CookieJar):
"""CookieJar that can be loaded from and saved to a file."""
def __init__(self, filename=None, delayload=False, policy=None):
"""
Cookies are NOT loaded from the named file until either the .load() or
.revert() method is called.
"""
CookieJar.__init__(self, policy)
if filename is not None:
try:
filename+""
except:
raise ValueError("filename must be string-like")
self.filename = filename
self.delayload = bool(delayload)
def save(self, filename=None, ignore_discard=False, ignore_expires=False):
"""Save cookies to a file."""
raise NotImplementedError()
def load(self, filename=None, ignore_discard=False, ignore_expires=False):
"""Load cookies from a file."""
if filename is None:
if self.filename is not None: filename = self.filename
else: raise ValueError(MISSING_FILENAME_TEXT)
with open(filename) as f:
self._really_load(f, filename, ignore_discard, ignore_expires)
def revert(self, filename=None,
ignore_discard=False, ignore_expires=False):
"""Clear all cookies and reload cookies from a saved file.
Raises LoadError (or OSError) if reversion is not successful; the
object's state will not be altered if this happens.
"""
if filename is None:
if self.filename is not None: filename = self.filename
else: raise ValueError(MISSING_FILENAME_TEXT)
self._cookies_lock.acquire()
try:
old_state = copy.deepcopy(self._cookies)
self._cookies = {}
try:
self.load(filename, ignore_discard, ignore_expires)
except OSError:
self._cookies = old_state
raise
finally:
self._cookies_lock.release()
def lwp_cookie_str(cookie):
"""Return string representation of Cookie in the LWP cookie file format.
Actually, the format is extended a bit -- see module docstring.
"""
h = [(cookie.name, cookie.value),
("path", cookie.path),
("domain", cookie.domain)]
if cookie.port is not None: h.append(("port", cookie.port))
if cookie.path_specified: h.append(("path_spec", None))
if cookie.port_specified: h.append(("port_spec", None))
if cookie.domain_initial_dot: h.append(("domain_dot", None))
if cookie.secure: h.append(("secure", None))
if cookie.expires: h.append(("expires",
time2isoz(float(cookie.expires))))
if cookie.discard: h.append(("discard", None))
if cookie.comment: h.append(("comment", cookie.comment))
if cookie.comment_url: h.append(("commenturl", cookie.comment_url))
keys = sorted(cookie._rest.keys())
for k in keys:
h.append((k, str(cookie._rest[k])))
h.append(("version", str(cookie.version)))
return join_header_words([h])
class LWPCookieJar(FileCookieJar):
"""
The LWPCookieJar saves a sequence of "Set-Cookie3" lines.
"Set-Cookie3" is the format used by the libwww-perl library, not known
to be compatible with any browser, but which is easy to read and
doesn't lose information about RFC 2965 cookies.
Additional methods
as_lwp_str(ignore_discard=True, ignore_expired=True)
"""
def as_lwp_str(self, ignore_discard=True, ignore_expires=True):
"""Return cookies as a string of "\\n"-separated "Set-Cookie3" headers.
ignore_discard and ignore_expires: see docstring for FileCookieJar.save
"""
now = time.time()
r = []
for cookie in self:
if not ignore_discard and cookie.discard:
continue
if not ignore_expires and cookie.is_expired(now):
continue
r.append("Set-Cookie3: %s" % lwp_cookie_str(cookie))
return "\n".join(r+[""])
def save(self, filename=None, ignore_discard=False, ignore_expires=False):
if filename is None:
if self.filename is not None: filename = self.filename
else: raise ValueError(MISSING_FILENAME_TEXT)
with open(filename, "w") as f:
# There really isn't an LWP Cookies 2.0 format, but this indicates
# that there is extra information in here (domain_dot and
# port_spec) while still being compatible with libwww-perl, I hope.
f.write("#LWP-Cookies-2.0\n")
f.write(self.as_lwp_str(ignore_discard, ignore_expires))
def _really_load(self, f, filename, ignore_discard, ignore_expires):
magic = f.readline()
if not self.magic_re.search(magic):
msg = ("%r does not look like a Set-Cookie3 (LWP) format "
"file" % filename)
raise LoadError(msg)
now = time.time()
header = "Set-Cookie3:"
boolean_attrs = ("port_spec", "path_spec", "domain_dot",
"secure", "discard")
value_attrs = ("version",
"port", "path", "domain",
"expires",
"comment", "commenturl")
try:
while 1:
line = f.readline()
if line == "": break
if not line.startswith(header):
continue
line = line[len(header):].strip()
for data in split_header_words([line]):
name, value = data[0]
standard = {}
rest = {}
for k in boolean_attrs:
standard[k] = False
for k, v in data[1:]:
if k is not None:
lc = k.lower()
else:
lc = None
# don't lose case distinction for unknown fields
if (lc in value_attrs) or (lc in boolean_attrs):
k = lc
if k in boolean_attrs:
if v is None: v = True
standard[k] = v
elif k in value_attrs:
standard[k] = v
else:
rest[k] = v
h = standard.get
expires = h("expires")
discard = h("discard")
if expires is not None:
expires = iso2time(expires)
if expires is None:
discard = True
domain = h("domain")
domain_specified = domain.startswith(".")
c = Cookie(h("version"), name, value,
h("port"), h("port_spec"),
domain, domain_specified, h("domain_dot"),
h("path"), h("path_spec"),
h("secure"),
expires,
discard,
h("comment"),
h("commenturl"),
rest)
if not ignore_discard and c.discard:
continue
if not ignore_expires and c.is_expired(now):
continue
self.set_cookie(c)
except OSError:
raise
except Exception:
_warn_unhandled_exception()
raise LoadError("invalid Set-Cookie3 format file %r: %r" %
(filename, line))
class MozillaCookieJar(FileCookieJar):
"""
WARNING: you may want to backup your browser's cookies file if you use
this class to save cookies. I *think* it works, but there have been
bugs in the past!
This class differs from CookieJar only in the format it uses to save and
load cookies to and from a file. This class uses the Mozilla/Netscape
`cookies.txt' format. lynx uses this file format, too.
Don't expect cookies saved while the browser is running to be noticed by
the browser (in fact, Mozilla on unix will overwrite your saved cookies if
you change them on disk while it's running; on Windows, you probably can't
save at all while the browser is running).
Note that the Mozilla/Netscape format will downgrade RFC2965 cookies to
Netscape cookies on saving.
In particular, the cookie version and port number information is lost,
together with information about whether or not Path, Port and Discard were
specified by the Set-Cookie2 (or Set-Cookie) header, and whether or not the
domain as set in the HTTP header started with a dot (yes, I'm aware some
domains in Netscape files start with a dot and some don't -- trust me, you
really don't want to know any more about this).
Note that though Mozilla and Netscape use the same format, they use
slightly different headers. The class saves cookies using the Netscape
header by default (Mozilla can cope with that).
"""
magic_re = re.compile("#( Netscape)? HTTP Cookie File")
header = """\
# Netscape HTTP Cookie File
# http://curl.haxx.se/rfc/cookie_spec.html
# This is a generated file! Do not edit.
"""
def _really_load(self, f, filename, ignore_discard, ignore_expires):
now = time.time()
magic = f.readline()
if not self.magic_re.search(magic):
raise LoadError(
"%r does not look like a Netscape format cookies file" %
filename)
try:
while 1:
line = f.readline()
if line == "": break
# last field may be absent, so keep any trailing tab
if line.endswith("\n"): line = line[:-1]
# skip comments and blank lines XXX what is $ for?
if (line.strip().startswith(("#", "$")) or
line.strip() == ""):
continue
domain, domain_specified, path, secure, expires, name, value = \
line.split("\t")
secure = (secure == "TRUE")
domain_specified = (domain_specified == "TRUE")
if name == "":
# cookies.txt regards 'Set-Cookie: foo' as a cookie
# with no name, whereas http.cookiejar regards it as a
# cookie with no value.
name = value
value = None
initial_dot = domain.startswith(".")
assert domain_specified == initial_dot
discard = False
if expires == "":
expires = None
discard = True
# assume path_specified is false
c = Cookie(0, name, value,
None, False,
domain, domain_specified, initial_dot,
path, False,
secure,
expires,
discard,
None,
None,
{})
if not ignore_discard and c.discard:
continue
if not ignore_expires and c.is_expired(now):
continue
self.set_cookie(c)
except OSError:
raise
except Exception:
_warn_unhandled_exception()
raise LoadError("invalid Netscape format cookies file %r: %r" %
(filename, line))
def save(self, filename=None, ignore_discard=False, ignore_expires=False):
if filename is None:
if self.filename is not None: filename = self.filename
else: raise ValueError(MISSING_FILENAME_TEXT)
with open(filename, "w") as f:
f.write(self.header)
now = time.time()
for cookie in self:
if not ignore_discard and cookie.discard:
continue
if not ignore_expires and cookie.is_expired(now):
continue
if cookie.secure: secure = "TRUE"
else: secure = "FALSE"
if cookie.domain.startswith("."): initial_dot = "TRUE"
else: initial_dot = "FALSE"
if cookie.expires is not None:
expires = str(cookie.expires)
else:
expires = ""
if cookie.value is None:
# cookies.txt regards 'Set-Cookie: foo' as a cookie
# with no name, whereas http.cookiejar regards it as a
# cookie with no value.
name = ""
value = cookie.name
else:
name = cookie.name
value = cookie.value
f.write(
"\t".join([cookie.domain, initial_dot, cookie.path,
secure, expires, name, value])+
"\n")
r"""HTTP/1.1 client library
<intro stuff goes here>
<other stuff, too>
HTTPConnection goes through a number of "states", which define when a client
may legally make another request or fetch the response for a particular
request. This diagram details these state transitions:
(null)
|
| HTTPConnection()
v
Idle
|
| putrequest()
v
Request-started
|
| ( putheader() )* endheaders()
v
Request-sent
|\_____________________________
| | getresponse() raises
| response = getresponse() | ConnectionError
v v
Unread-response Idle
[Response-headers-read]
|\____________________
| |
| response.read() | putrequest()
v v
Idle Req-started-unread-response
______/|
/ |
response.read() | | ( putheader() )* endheaders()
v v
Request-started Req-sent-unread-response
|
| response.read()
v
Request-sent
This diagram presents the following rules:
-- a second request may not be started until {response-headers-read}
-- a response [object] cannot be retrieved until {request-sent}
-- there is no differentiation between an unread response body and a
partially read response body
Note: this enforcement is applied by the HTTPConnection class. The
HTTPResponse class does not enforce this state machine, which
implies sophisticated clients may accelerate the request/response
pipeline. Caution should be taken, though: accelerating the states
beyond the above pattern may imply knowledge of the server's
connection-close behavior for certain requests. For example, it
is impossible to tell whether the server will close the connection
UNTIL the response headers have been read; this means that further
requests cannot be placed into the pipeline until it is known that
the server will NOT be closing the connection.
Logical State __state __response
------------- ------- ----------
Idle _CS_IDLE None
Request-started _CS_REQ_STARTED None
Request-sent _CS_REQ_SENT None
Unread-response _CS_IDLE <response_class>
Req-started-unread-response _CS_REQ_STARTED <response_class>
Req-sent-unread-response _CS_REQ_SENT <response_class>
"""
import email.parser
import email.message
import http
import io
import os
import re
import socket
import collections
from urllib.parse import urlsplit
# HTTPMessage, parse_headers(), and the HTTP status code constants are
# intentionally omitted for simplicity
__all__ = ["HTTPResponse", "HTTPConnection",
"HTTPException", "NotConnected", "UnknownProtocol",
"UnknownTransferEncoding", "UnimplementedFileMode",
"IncompleteRead", "InvalidURL", "ImproperConnectionState",
"CannotSendRequest", "CannotSendHeader", "ResponseNotReady",
"BadStatusLine", "LineTooLong", "RemoteDisconnected", "error",
"responses"]
HTTP_PORT = 80
HTTPS_PORT = 443
_UNKNOWN = 'UNKNOWN'
# connection states
_CS_IDLE = 'Idle'
_CS_REQ_STARTED = 'Request-started'
_CS_REQ_SENT = 'Request-sent'
# hack to maintain backwards compatibility
globals().update(http.HTTPStatus.__members__)
# another hack to maintain backwards compatibility
# Mapping status codes to official W3C names
responses = {v: v.phrase for v in http.HTTPStatus.__members__.values()}
# maximal amount of data to read at one time in _safe_read
MAXAMOUNT = 1048576
# maximal line length when calling readline().
_MAXLINE = 65536
_MAXHEADERS = 100
# Header name/value ABNF (http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2)
#
# VCHAR = %x21-7E
# obs-text = %x80-FF
# header-field = field-name ":" OWS field-value OWS
# field-name = token
# field-value = *( field-content / obs-fold )
# field-content = field-vchar [ 1*( SP / HTAB ) field-vchar ]
# field-vchar = VCHAR / obs-text
#
# obs-fold = CRLF 1*( SP / HTAB )
# ; obsolete line folding
# ; see Section 3.2.4
# token = 1*tchar
#
# tchar = "!" / "#" / "$" / "%" / "&" / "'" / "*"
# / "+" / "-" / "." / "^" / "_" / "`" / "|" / "~"
# / DIGIT / ALPHA
# ; any VCHAR, except delimiters
#
# VCHAR defined in http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5234#appendix-B.1
# the patterns for both name and value are more lenient than RFC
# definitions to allow for backwards compatibility
_is_legal_header_name = re.compile(rb'[^:\s][^:\r\n]*').fullmatch
_is_illegal_header_value = re.compile(rb'\n(?![ \t])|\r(?![ \t\n])').search
# These characters are not allowed within HTTP URL paths.
# See https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.3 and the
# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#appendix-A pchar definition.
# Prevents CVE-2019-9740. Includes control characters such as \r\n.
# We don't restrict chars above \x7f as putrequest() limits us to ASCII.
_contains_disallowed_url_pchar_re = re.compile('[\x00-\x20\x7f]')
# Arguably only these _should_ allowed:
# _is_allowed_url_pchars_re = re.compile(r"^[/!$&'()*+,;=:@%a-zA-Z0-9._~-]+$")
# We are more lenient for assumed real world compatibility purposes.
# These characters are not allowed within HTTP method names
# to prevent http header injection.
_contains_disallowed_method_pchar_re = re.compile('[\x00-\x1f]')
# We always set the Content-Length header for these methods because some
# servers will otherwise respond with a 411
_METHODS_EXPECTING_BODY = {'PATCH', 'POST', 'PUT'}
def _encode(data, name='data'):
"""Call data.encode("latin-1") but show a better error message."""
try:
return data.encode("latin-1")
except UnicodeEncodeError as err:
raise UnicodeEncodeError(
err.encoding,
err.object,
err.start,
err.end,
"%s (%.20r) is not valid Latin-1. Use %s.encode('utf-8') "
"if you want to send it encoded in UTF-8." %
(name.title(), data[err.start:err.end], name)) from None
class HTTPMessage(email.message.Message):
# XXX The only usage of this method is in
# http.server.CGIHTTPRequestHandler. Maybe move the code there so
# that it doesn't need to be part of the public API. The API has
# never been defined so this could cause backwards compatibility
# issues.
def getallmatchingheaders(self, name):
"""Find all header lines matching a given header name.
Look through the list of headers and find all lines matching a given
header name (and their continuation lines). A list of the lines is
returned, without interpretation. If the header does not occur, an
empty list is returned. If the header occurs multiple times, all
occurrences are returned. Case is not important in the header name.
"""
name = name.lower() + ':'
n = len(name)
lst = []
hit = 0
for line in self.keys():
if line[:n].lower() == name:
hit = 1
elif not line[:1].isspace():
hit = 0
if hit:
lst.append(line)
return lst
def _read_headers(fp):
"""Reads potential header lines into a list from a file pointer.
Length of line is limited by _MAXLINE, and number of
headers is limited by _MAXHEADERS.
"""
headers = []
while True:
line = fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1)
if len(line) > _MAXLINE:
raise LineTooLong("header line")
headers.append(line)
if len(headers) > _MAXHEADERS:
raise HTTPException("got more than %d headers" % _MAXHEADERS)
if line in (b'\r\n', b'\n', b''):
break
return headers
def parse_headers(fp, _class=HTTPMessage):
"""Parses only RFC2822 headers from a file pointer.
email Parser wants to see strings rather than bytes.
But a TextIOWrapper around self.rfile would buffer too many bytes
from the stream, bytes which we later need to read as bytes.
So we read the correct bytes here, as bytes, for email Parser
to parse.
"""
headers = _read_headers(fp)
hstring = b''.join(headers).decode('iso-8859-1')
return email.parser.Parser(_class=_class).parsestr(hstring)
class HTTPResponse(io.BufferedIOBase):
# See RFC 2616 sec 19.6 and RFC 1945 sec 6 for details.
# The bytes from the socket object are iso-8859-1 strings.
# See RFC 2616 sec 2.2 which notes an exception for MIME-encoded
# text following RFC 2047. The basic status line parsing only
# accepts iso-8859-1.
def __init__(self, sock, debuglevel=0, method=None, url=None):
# If the response includes a content-length header, we need to
# make sure that the client doesn't read more than the
# specified number of bytes. If it does, it will block until
# the server times out and closes the connection. This will
# happen if a self.fp.read() is done (without a size) whether
# self.fp is buffered or not. So, no self.fp.read() by
# clients unless they know what they are doing.
self.fp = sock.makefile("rb")
self.debuglevel = debuglevel
self._method = method
# The HTTPResponse object is returned via urllib. The clients
# of http and urllib expect different attributes for the
# headers. headers is used here and supports urllib. msg is
# provided as a backwards compatibility layer for http
# clients.
self.headers = self.msg = None
# from the Status-Line of the response
self.version = _UNKNOWN # HTTP-Version
self.status = _UNKNOWN # Status-Code
self.reason = _UNKNOWN # Reason-Phrase
self.chunked = _UNKNOWN # is "chunked" being used?
self.chunk_left = _UNKNOWN # bytes left to read in current chunk
self.length = _UNKNOWN # number of bytes left in response
self.will_close = _UNKNOWN # conn will close at end of response
def _read_status(self):
line = str(self.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1), "iso-8859-1")
if len(line) > _MAXLINE:
raise LineTooLong("status line")
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print("reply:", repr(line))
if not line:
# Presumably, the server closed the connection before
# sending a valid response.
raise RemoteDisconnected("Remote end closed connection without"
" response")
try:
version, status, reason = line.split(None, 2)
except ValueError:
try:
version, status = line.split(None, 1)
reason = ""
except ValueError:
# empty version will cause next test to fail.
version = ""
if not version.startswith("HTTP/"):
self._close_conn()
raise BadStatusLine(line)
# The status code is a three-digit number
try:
status = int(status)
if status < 100 or status > 999:
raise BadStatusLine(line)
except ValueError:
raise BadStatusLine(line)
return version, status, reason
def begin(self):
if self.headers is not None:
# we've already started reading the response
return
# read until we get a non-100 response
while True:
version, status, reason = self._read_status()
if status != CONTINUE:
break
# skip the header from the 100 response
skipped_headers = _read_headers(self.fp)
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print("headers:", skipped_headers)
del skipped_headers
self.code = self.status = status
self.reason = reason.strip()
if version in ("HTTP/1.0", "HTTP/0.9"):
# Some servers might still return "0.9", treat it as 1.0 anyway
self.version = 10
elif version.startswith("HTTP/1."):
self.version = 11 # use HTTP/1.1 code for HTTP/1.x where x>=1
else:
raise UnknownProtocol(version)
self.headers = self.msg = parse_headers(self.fp)
if self.debuglevel > 0:
for hdr in self.headers:
print("header:", hdr + ":", self.headers.get(hdr))
# are we using the chunked-style of transfer encoding?
tr_enc = self.headers.get("transfer-encoding")
if tr_enc and tr_enc.lower() == "chunked":
self.chunked = True
self.chunk_left = None
else:
self.chunked = False
# will the connection close at the end of the response?
self.will_close = self._check_close()
# do we have a Content-Length?
# NOTE: RFC 2616, S4.4, #3 says we ignore this if tr_enc is "chunked"
self.length = None
length = self.headers.get("content-length")
# are we using the chunked-style of transfer encoding?
tr_enc = self.headers.get("transfer-encoding")
if length and not self.chunked:
try:
self.length = int(length)
except ValueError:
self.length = None
else:
if self.length < 0: # ignore nonsensical negative lengths
self.length = None
else:
self.length = None
# does the body have a fixed length? (of zero)
if (status == NO_CONTENT or status == NOT_MODIFIED or
100 <= status < 200 or # 1xx codes
self._method == "HEAD"):
self.length = 0
# if the connection remains open, and we aren't using chunked, and
# a content-length was not provided, then assume that the connection
# WILL close.
if (not self.will_close and
not self.chunked and
self.length is None):
self.will_close = True
def _check_close(self):
conn = self.headers.get("connection")
if self.version == 11:
# An HTTP/1.1 proxy is assumed to stay open unless
# explicitly closed.
conn = self.headers.get("connection")
if conn and "close" in conn.lower():
return True
return False
# Some HTTP/1.0 implementations have support for persistent
# connections, using rules different than HTTP/1.1.
# For older HTTP, Keep-Alive indicates persistent connection.
if self.headers.get("keep-alive"):
return False
# At least Akamai returns a "Connection: Keep-Alive" header,
# which was supposed to be sent by the client.
if conn and "keep-alive" in conn.lower():
return False
# Proxy-Connection is a netscape hack.
pconn = self.headers.get("proxy-connection")
if pconn and "keep-alive" in pconn.lower():
return False
# otherwise, assume it will close
return True
def _close_conn(self):
fp = self.fp
self.fp = None
fp.close()
def close(self):
try:
super().close() # set "closed" flag
finally:
if self.fp:
self._close_conn()
# These implementations are for the benefit of io.BufferedReader.
# XXX This class should probably be revised to act more like
# the "raw stream" that BufferedReader expects.
def flush(self):
super().flush()
if self.fp:
self.fp.flush()
def readable(self):
"""Always returns True"""
return True
# End of "raw stream" methods
def isclosed(self):
"""True if the connection is closed."""
# NOTE: it is possible that we will not ever call self.close(). This
# case occurs when will_close is TRUE, length is None, and we
# read up to the last byte, but NOT past it.
#
# IMPLIES: if will_close is FALSE, then self.close() will ALWAYS be
# called, meaning self.isclosed() is meaningful.
return self.fp is None
def read(self, amt=None):
if self.fp is None:
return b""
if self._method == "HEAD":
self._close_conn()
return b""
if amt is not None:
# Amount is given, implement using readinto
b = bytearray(amt)
n = self.readinto(b)
return memoryview(b)[:n].tobytes()
else:
# Amount is not given (unbounded read) so we must check self.length
# and self.chunked
if self.chunked:
return self._readall_chunked()
if self.length is None:
s = self.fp.read()
else:
try:
s = self._safe_read(self.length)
except IncompleteRead:
self._close_conn()
raise
self.length = 0
self._close_conn() # we read everything
return s
def readinto(self, b):
"""Read up to len(b) bytes into bytearray b and return the number
of bytes read.
"""
if self.fp is None:
return 0
if self._method == "HEAD":
self._close_conn()
return 0
if self.chunked:
return self._readinto_chunked(b)
if self.length is not None:
if len(b) > self.length:
# clip the read to the "end of response"
b = memoryview(b)[0:self.length]
# we do not use _safe_read() here because this may be a .will_close
# connection, and the user is reading more bytes than will be provided
# (for example, reading in 1k chunks)
n = self.fp.readinto(b)
if not n and b:
# Ideally, we would raise IncompleteRead if the content-length
# wasn't satisfied, but it might break compatibility.
self._close_conn()
elif self.length is not None:
self.length -= n
if not self.length:
self._close_conn()
return n
def _read_next_chunk_size(self):
# Read the next chunk size from the file
line = self.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1)
if len(line) > _MAXLINE:
raise LineTooLong("chunk size")
i = line.find(b";")
if i >= 0:
line = line[:i] # strip chunk-extensions
try:
return int(line, 16)
except ValueError:
# close the connection as protocol synchronisation is
# probably lost
self._close_conn()
raise
def _read_and_discard_trailer(self):
# read and discard trailer up to the CRLF terminator
### note: we shouldn't have any trailers!
while True:
line = self.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1)
if len(line) > _MAXLINE:
raise LineTooLong("trailer line")
if not line:
# a vanishingly small number of sites EOF without
# sending the trailer
break
if line in (b'\r\n', b'\n', b''):
break
def _get_chunk_left(self):
# return self.chunk_left, reading a new chunk if necessary.
# chunk_left == 0: at the end of the current chunk, need to close it
# chunk_left == None: No current chunk, should read next.
# This function returns non-zero or None if the last chunk has
# been read.
chunk_left = self.chunk_left
if not chunk_left: # Can be 0 or None
if chunk_left is not None:
# We are at the end of chunk, discard chunk end
self._safe_read(2) # toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk
try:
chunk_left = self._read_next_chunk_size()
except ValueError:
raise IncompleteRead(b'')
if chunk_left == 0:
# last chunk: 1*("0") [ chunk-extension ] CRLF
self._read_and_discard_trailer()
# we read everything; close the "file"
self._close_conn()
chunk_left = None
self.chunk_left = chunk_left
return chunk_left
def _readall_chunked(self):
assert self.chunked != _UNKNOWN
value = []
try:
while True:
chunk_left = self._get_chunk_left()
if chunk_left is None:
break
value.append(self._safe_read(chunk_left))
self.chunk_left = 0
return b''.join(value)
except IncompleteRead:
raise IncompleteRead(b''.join(value))
def _readinto_chunked(self, b):
assert self.chunked != _UNKNOWN
total_bytes = 0
mvb = memoryview(b)
try:
while True:
chunk_left = self._get_chunk_left()
if chunk_left is None:
return total_bytes
if len(mvb) <= chunk_left:
n = self._safe_readinto(mvb)
self.chunk_left = chunk_left - n
return total_bytes + n
temp_mvb = mvb[:chunk_left]
n = self._safe_readinto(temp_mvb)
mvb = mvb[n:]
total_bytes += n
self.chunk_left = 0
except IncompleteRead:
raise IncompleteRead(bytes(b[0:total_bytes]))
def _safe_read(self, amt):
"""Read the number of bytes requested, compensating for partial reads.
Normally, we have a blocking socket, but a read() can be interrupted
by a signal (resulting in a partial read).
Note that we cannot distinguish between EOF and an interrupt when zero
bytes have been read. IncompleteRead() will be raised in this
situation.
This function should be used when <amt> bytes "should" be present for
reading. If the bytes are truly not available (due to EOF), then the
IncompleteRead exception can be used to detect the problem.
"""
s = []
while amt > 0:
chunk = self.fp.read(min(amt, MAXAMOUNT))
if not chunk:
raise IncompleteRead(b''.join(s), amt)
s.append(chunk)
amt -= len(chunk)
return b"".join(s)
def _safe_readinto(self, b):
"""Same as _safe_read, but for reading into a buffer."""
total_bytes = 0
mvb = memoryview(b)
while total_bytes < len(b):
if MAXAMOUNT < len(mvb):
temp_mvb = mvb[0:MAXAMOUNT]
n = self.fp.readinto(temp_mvb)
else:
n = self.fp.readinto(mvb)
if not n:
raise IncompleteRead(bytes(mvb[0:total_bytes]), len(b))
mvb = mvb[n:]
total_bytes += n
return total_bytes
def read1(self, n=-1):
"""Read with at most one underlying system call. If at least one
byte is buffered, return that instead.
"""
if self.fp is None or self._method == "HEAD":
return b""
if self.chunked:
return self._read1_chunked(n)
if self.length is not None and (n < 0 or n > self.length):
n = self.length
try:
result = self.fp.read1(n)
except ValueError:
if n >= 0:
raise
# some implementations, like BufferedReader, don't support -1
# Read an arbitrarily selected largeish chunk.
result = self.fp.read1(16*1024)
if not result and n:
self._close_conn()
elif self.length is not None:
self.length -= len(result)
return result
def peek(self, n=-1):
# Having this enables IOBase.readline() to read more than one
# byte at a time
if self.fp is None or self._method == "HEAD":
return b""
if self.chunked:
return self._peek_chunked(n)
return self.fp.peek(n)
def readline(self, limit=-1):
if self.fp is None or self._method == "HEAD":
return b""
if self.chunked:
# Fallback to IOBase readline which uses peek() and read()
return super().readline(limit)
if self.length is not None and (limit < 0 or limit > self.length):
limit = self.length
result = self.fp.readline(limit)
if not result and limit:
self._close_conn()
elif self.length is not None:
self.length -= len(result)
return result
def _read1_chunked(self, n):
# Strictly speaking, _get_chunk_left() may cause more than one read,
# but that is ok, since that is to satisfy the chunked protocol.
chunk_left = self._get_chunk_left()
if chunk_left is None or n == 0:
return b''
if not (0 <= n <= chunk_left):
n = chunk_left # if n is negative or larger than chunk_left
read = self.fp.read1(n)
self.chunk_left -= len(read)
if not read:
raise IncompleteRead(b"")
return read
def _peek_chunked(self, n):
# Strictly speaking, _get_chunk_left() may cause more than one read,
# but that is ok, since that is to satisfy the chunked protocol.
try:
chunk_left = self._get_chunk_left()
except IncompleteRead:
return b'' # peek doesn't worry about protocol
if chunk_left is None:
return b'' # eof
# peek is allowed to return more than requested. Just request the
# entire chunk, and truncate what we get.
return self.fp.peek(chunk_left)[:chunk_left]
def fileno(self):
return self.fp.fileno()
def getheader(self, name, default=None):
'''Returns the value of the header matching *name*.
If there are multiple matching headers, the values are
combined into a single string separated by commas and spaces.
If no matching header is found, returns *default* or None if
the *default* is not specified.
If the headers are unknown, raises http.client.ResponseNotReady.
'''
if self.headers is None:
raise ResponseNotReady()
headers = self.headers.get_all(name) or default
if isinstance(headers, str) or not hasattr(headers, '__iter__'):
return headers
else:
return ', '.join(headers)
def getheaders(self):
"""Return list of (header, value) tuples."""
if self.headers is None:
raise ResponseNotReady()
return list(self.headers.items())
# We override IOBase.__iter__ so that it doesn't check for closed-ness
def __iter__(self):
return self
# For compatibility with old-style urllib responses.
def info(self):
'''Returns an instance of the class mimetools.Message containing
meta-information associated with the URL.
When the method is HTTP, these headers are those returned by
the server at the head of the retrieved HTML page (including
Content-Length and Content-Type).
When the method is FTP, a Content-Length header will be
present if (as is now usual) the server passed back a file
length in response to the FTP retrieval request. A
Content-Type header will be present if the MIME type can be
guessed.
When the method is local-file, returned headers will include
a Date representing the file's last-modified time, a
Content-Length giving file size, and a Content-Type
containing a guess at the file's type. See also the
description of the mimetools module.
'''
return self.headers
def geturl(self):
'''Return the real URL of the page.
In some cases, the HTTP server redirects a client to another
URL. The urlopen() function handles this transparently, but in
some cases the caller needs to know which URL the client was
redirected to. The geturl() method can be used to get at this
redirected URL.
'''
return self.url
def getcode(self):
'''Return the HTTP status code that was sent with the response,
or None if the URL is not an HTTP URL.
'''
return self.status
class HTTPConnection:
_http_vsn = 11
_http_vsn_str = 'HTTP/1.1'
response_class = HTTPResponse
default_port = HTTP_PORT
auto_open = 1
debuglevel = 0
@staticmethod
def _is_textIO(stream):
"""Test whether a file-like object is a text or a binary stream.
"""
return isinstance(stream, io.TextIOBase)
@staticmethod
def _get_content_length(body, method):
"""Get the content-length based on the body.
If the body is None, we set Content-Length: 0 for methods that expect
a body (RFC 7230, Section 3.3.2). We also set the Content-Length for
any method if the body is a str or bytes-like object and not a file.
"""
if body is None:
# do an explicit check for not None here to distinguish
# between unset and set but empty
if method.upper() in _METHODS_EXPECTING_BODY:
return 0
else:
return None
if hasattr(body, 'read'):
# file-like object.
return None
try:
# does it implement the buffer protocol (bytes, bytearray, array)?
mv = memoryview(body)
return mv.nbytes
except TypeError:
pass
if isinstance(body, str):
return len(body)
return None
def __init__(self, host, port=None, timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
source_address=None):
self.timeout = timeout
self.source_address = source_address
self.sock = None
self._buffer = []
self.__response = None
self.__state = _CS_IDLE
self._method = None
self._tunnel_host = None
self._tunnel_port = None
self._tunnel_headers = {}
(self.host, self.port) = self._get_hostport(host, port)
# This is stored as an instance variable to allow unit
# tests to replace it with a suitable mockup
self._create_connection = socket.create_connection
def set_tunnel(self, host, port=None, headers=None):
"""Set up host and port for HTTP CONNECT tunnelling.
In a connection that uses HTTP CONNECT tunneling, the host passed to the
constructor is used as a proxy server that relays all communication to
the endpoint passed to `set_tunnel`. This done by sending an HTTP
CONNECT request to the proxy server when the connection is established.
This method must be called before the HTML connection has been
established.
The headers argument should be a mapping of extra HTTP headers to send
with the CONNECT request.
"""
if self.sock:
raise RuntimeError("Can't set up tunnel for established connection")
self._tunnel_host, self._tunnel_port = self._get_hostport(host, port)
if headers:
self._tunnel_headers = headers
else:
self._tunnel_headers.clear()
def _get_hostport(self, host, port):
if port is None:
i = host.rfind(':')
j = host.rfind(']') # ipv6 addresses have [...]
if i > j:
try:
port = int(host[i+1:])
except ValueError:
if host[i+1:] == "": # http://foo.com:/ == http://foo.com/
port = self.default_port
else:
raise InvalidURL("nonnumeric port: '%s'" % host[i+1:])
host = host[:i]
else:
port = self.default_port
if host and host[0] == '[' and host[-1] == ']':
host = host[1:-1]
return (host, port)
def set_debuglevel(self, level):
self.debuglevel = level
def _tunnel(self):
connect_str = "CONNECT %s:%d HTTP/1.0\r\n" % (self._tunnel_host,
self._tunnel_port)
connect_bytes = connect_str.encode("ascii")
self.send(connect_bytes)
for header, value in self._tunnel_headers.items():
header_str = "%s: %s\r\n" % (header, value)
header_bytes = header_str.encode("latin-1")
self.send(header_bytes)
self.send(b'\r\n')
response = self.response_class(self.sock, method=self._method)
(version, code, message) = response._read_status()
if code != http.HTTPStatus.OK:
self.close()
raise OSError("Tunnel connection failed: %d %s" % (code,
message.strip()))
while True:
line = response.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1)
if len(line) > _MAXLINE:
raise LineTooLong("header line")
if not line:
# for sites which EOF without sending a trailer
break
if line in (b'\r\n', b'\n', b''):
break
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print('header:', line.decode())
def connect(self):
"""Connect to the host and port specified in __init__."""
self.sock = self._create_connection(
(self.host,self.port), self.timeout, self.source_address)
self.sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)
if self._tunnel_host:
self._tunnel()
def close(self):
"""Close the connection to the HTTP server."""
self.__state = _CS_IDLE
try:
sock = self.sock
if sock:
self.sock = None
sock.close() # close it manually... there may be other refs
finally:
response = self.__response
if response:
self.__response = None
response.close()
def send(self, data):
"""Send `data' to the server.
``data`` can be a string object, a bytes object, an array object, a
file-like object that supports a .read() method, or an iterable object.
"""
if self.sock is None:
if self.auto_open:
self.connect()
else:
raise NotConnected()
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print("send:", repr(data))
blocksize = 8192
if hasattr(data, "read") :
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print("sendIng a read()able")
encode = self._is_textIO(data)
if encode and self.debuglevel > 0:
print("encoding file using iso-8859-1")
while 1:
datablock = data.read(blocksize)
if not datablock:
break
if encode:
datablock = datablock.encode("iso-8859-1")
self.sock.sendall(datablock)
return
try:
self.sock.sendall(data)
except TypeError:
if isinstance(data, collections.Iterable):
for d in data:
self.sock.sendall(d)
else:
raise TypeError("data should be a bytes-like object "
"or an iterable, got %r" % type(data))
def _output(self, s):
"""Add a line of output to the current request buffer.
Assumes that the line does *not* end with \\r\\n.
"""
self._buffer.append(s)
def _read_readable(self, readable):
blocksize = 8192
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print("sendIng a read()able")
encode = self._is_textIO(readable)
if encode and self.debuglevel > 0:
print("encoding file using iso-8859-1")
while True:
datablock = readable.read(blocksize)
if not datablock:
break
if encode:
datablock = datablock.encode("iso-8859-1")
yield datablock
def _send_output(self, message_body=None, encode_chunked=False):
"""Send the currently buffered request and clear the buffer.
Appends an extra \\r\\n to the buffer.
A message_body may be specified, to be appended to the request.
"""
self._buffer.extend((b"", b""))
msg = b"\r\n".join(self._buffer)
del self._buffer[:]
self.send(msg)
if message_body is not None:
# create a consistent interface to message_body
if hasattr(message_body, 'read'):
# Let file-like take precedence over byte-like. This
# is needed to allow the current position of mmap'ed
# files to be taken into account.
chunks = self._read_readable(message_body)
else:
try:
# this is solely to check to see if message_body
# implements the buffer API. it /would/ be easier
# to capture if PyObject_CheckBuffer was exposed
# to Python.
memoryview(message_body)
except TypeError:
try:
chunks = iter(message_body)
except TypeError:
raise TypeError("message_body should be a bytes-like "
"object or an iterable, got %r"
% type(message_body))
else:
# the object implements the buffer interface and
# can be passed directly into socket methods
chunks = (message_body,)
for chunk in chunks:
if not chunk:
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print('Zero length chunk ignored')
continue
if encode_chunked and self._http_vsn == 11:
# chunked encoding
chunk = f'{len(chunk):X}\r\n'.encode('ascii') + chunk \
+ b'\r\n'
self.send(chunk)
if encode_chunked and self._http_vsn == 11:
# end chunked transfer
self.send(b'0\r\n\r\n')
def putrequest(self, method, url, skip_host=False,
skip_accept_encoding=False):
"""Send a request to the server.
`method' specifies an HTTP request method, e.g. 'GET'.
`url' specifies the object being requested, e.g. '/index.html'.
`skip_host' if True does not add automatically a 'Host:' header
`skip_accept_encoding' if True does not add automatically an
'Accept-Encoding:' header
"""
# if a prior response has been completed, then forget about it.
if self.__response and self.__response.isclosed():
self.__response = None
# in certain cases, we cannot issue another request on this connection.
# this occurs when:
# 1) we are in the process of sending a request. (_CS_REQ_STARTED)
# 2) a response to a previous request has signalled that it is going
# to close the connection upon completion.
# 3) the headers for the previous response have not been read, thus
# we cannot determine whether point (2) is true. (_CS_REQ_SENT)
#
# if there is no prior response, then we can request at will.
#
# if point (2) is true, then we will have passed the socket to the
# response (effectively meaning, "there is no prior response"), and
# will open a new one when a new request is made.
#
# Note: if a prior response exists, then we *can* start a new request.
# We are not allowed to begin fetching the response to this new
# request, however, until that prior response is complete.
#
if self.__state == _CS_IDLE:
self.__state = _CS_REQ_STARTED
else:
raise CannotSendRequest(self.__state)
self._validate_method(method)
# Save the method we use, we need it later in the response phase
self._method = method
if not url:
url = '/'
# Prevent CVE-2019-9740.
match = _contains_disallowed_url_pchar_re.search(url)
if match:
raise InvalidURL(f"URL can't contain control characters. {url!r} "
f"(found at least {match.group()!r})")
request = '%s %s %s' % (method, url, self._http_vsn_str)
# Non-ASCII characters should have been eliminated earlier
self._output(request.encode('ascii'))
if self._http_vsn == 11:
# Issue some standard headers for better HTTP/1.1 compliance
if not skip_host:
# this header is issued *only* for HTTP/1.1
# connections. more specifically, this means it is
# only issued when the client uses the new
# HTTPConnection() class. backwards-compat clients
# will be using HTTP/1.0 and those clients may be
# issuing this header themselves. we should NOT issue
# it twice; some web servers (such as Apache) barf
# when they see two Host: headers
# If we need a non-standard port,include it in the
# header. If the request is going through a proxy,
# but the host of the actual URL, not the host of the
# proxy.
netloc = ''
if url.startswith('http'):
nil, netloc, nil, nil, nil = urlsplit(url)
if netloc:
try:
netloc_enc = netloc.encode("ascii")
except UnicodeEncodeError:
netloc_enc = netloc.encode("idna")
self.putheader('Host', netloc_enc)
else:
if self._tunnel_host:
host = self._tunnel_host
port = self._tunnel_port
else:
host = self.host
port = self.port
try:
host_enc = host.encode("ascii")
except UnicodeEncodeError:
host_enc = host.encode("idna")
# As per RFC 273, IPv6 address should be wrapped with []
# when used as Host header
if host.find(':') >= 0:
host_enc = b'[' + host_enc + b']'
if port == self.default_port:
self.putheader('Host', host_enc)
else:
host_enc = host_enc.decode("ascii")
self.putheader('Host', "%s:%s" % (host_enc, port))
# note: we are assuming that clients will not attempt to set these
# headers since *this* library must deal with the
# consequences. this also means that when the supporting
# libraries are updated to recognize other forms, then this
# code should be changed (removed or updated).
# we only want a Content-Encoding of "identity" since we don't
# support encodings such as x-gzip or x-deflate.
if not skip_accept_encoding:
self.putheader('Accept-Encoding', 'identity')
# we can accept "chunked" Transfer-Encodings, but no others
# NOTE: no TE header implies *only* "chunked"
#self.putheader('TE', 'chunked')
# if TE is supplied in the header, then it must appear in a
# Connection header.
#self.putheader('Connection', 'TE')
else:
# For HTTP/1.0, the server will assume "not chunked"
pass
def _validate_method(self, method):
"""Validate a method name for putrequest."""
# prevent http header injection
match = _contains_disallowed_method_pchar_re.search(method)
if match:
raise ValueError(
f"method can't contain control characters. {method!r} "
f"(found at least {match.group()!r})")
def putheader(self, header, *values):
"""Send a request header line to the server.
For example: h.putheader('Accept', 'text/html')
"""
if self.__state != _CS_REQ_STARTED:
raise CannotSendHeader()
if hasattr(header, 'encode'):
header = header.encode('ascii')
if not _is_legal_header_name(header):
raise ValueError('Invalid header name %r' % (header,))
values = list(values)
for i, one_value in enumerate(values):
if hasattr(one_value, 'encode'):
values[i] = one_value.encode('latin-1')
elif isinstance(one_value, int):
values[i] = str(one_value).encode('ascii')
if _is_illegal_header_value(values[i]):
raise ValueError('Invalid header value %r' % (values[i],))
value = b'\r\n\t'.join(values)
header = header + b': ' + value
self._output(header)
def endheaders(self, message_body=None, *, encode_chunked=False):
"""Indicate that the last header line has been sent to the server.
This method sends the request to the server. The optional message_body
argument can be used to pass a message body associated with the
request.
"""
if self.__state == _CS_REQ_STARTED:
self.__state = _CS_REQ_SENT
else:
raise CannotSendHeader()
self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
def request(self, method, url, body=None, headers={}, *,
encode_chunked=False):
"""Send a complete request to the server."""
self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
def _send_request(self, method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked):
# Honor explicitly requested Host: and Accept-Encoding: headers.
header_names = frozenset(k.lower() for k in headers)
skips = {}
if 'host' in header_names:
skips['skip_host'] = 1
if 'accept-encoding' in header_names:
skips['skip_accept_encoding'] = 1
self.putrequest(method, url, **skips)
# chunked encoding will happen if HTTP/1.1 is used and either
# the caller passes encode_chunked=True or the following
# conditions hold:
# 1. content-length has not been explicitly set
# 2. the body is a file or iterable, but not a str or bytes-like
# 3. Transfer-Encoding has NOT been explicitly set by the caller
if 'content-length' not in header_names:
# only chunk body if not explicitly set for backwards
# compatibility, assuming the client code is already handling the
# chunking
if 'transfer-encoding' not in header_names:
# if content-length cannot be automatically determined, fall
# back to chunked encoding
encode_chunked = False
content_length = self._get_content_length(body, method)
if content_length is None:
if body is not None:
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print('Unable to determine size of %r' % body)
encode_chunked = True
self.putheader('Transfer-Encoding', 'chunked')
else:
self.putheader('Content-Length', str(content_length))
else:
encode_chunked = False
for hdr, value in headers.items():
self.putheader(hdr, value)
if isinstance(body, str):
# RFC 2616 Section 3.7.1 says that text default has a
# default charset of iso-8859-1.
body = _encode(body, 'body')
self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
def getresponse(self):
"""Get the response from the server.
If the HTTPConnection is in the correct state, returns an
instance of HTTPResponse or of whatever object is returned by
the response_class variable.
If a request has not been sent or if a previous response has
not be handled, ResponseNotReady is raised. If the HTTP
response indicates that the connection should be closed, then
it will be closed before the response is returned. When the
connection is closed, the underlying socket is closed.
"""
# if a prior response has been completed, then forget about it.
if self.__response and self.__response.isclosed():
self.__response = None
# if a prior response exists, then it must be completed (otherwise, we
# cannot read this response's header to determine the connection-close
# behavior)
#
# note: if a prior response existed, but was connection-close, then the
# socket and response were made independent of this HTTPConnection
# object since a new request requires that we open a whole new
# connection
#
# this means the prior response had one of two states:
# 1) will_close: this connection was reset and the prior socket and
# response operate independently
# 2) persistent: the response was retained and we await its
# isclosed() status to become true.
#
if self.__state != _CS_REQ_SENT or self.__response:
raise ResponseNotReady(self.__state)
if self.debuglevel > 0:
response = self.response_class(self.sock, self.debuglevel,
method=self._method)
else:
response = self.response_class(self.sock, method=self._method)
try:
try:
response.begin()
except ConnectionError:
self.close()
raise
assert response.will_close != _UNKNOWN
self.__state = _CS_IDLE
if response.will_close:
# this effectively passes the connection to the response
self.close()
else:
# remember this, so we can tell when it is complete
self.__response = response
return response
except:
response.close()
raise
try:
import ssl
except ImportError:
pass
else:
class HTTPSConnection(HTTPConnection):
"This class allows communication via SSL."
default_port = HTTPS_PORT
# XXX Should key_file and cert_file be deprecated in favour of context?
def __init__(self, host, port=None, key_file=None, cert_file=None,
timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
source_address=None, *, context=None,
check_hostname=None):
super(HTTPSConnection, self).__init__(host, port, timeout,
source_address)
if (key_file is not None or cert_file is not None or
check_hostname is not None):
import warnings
warnings.warn("key_file, cert_file and check_hostname are "
"deprecated, use a custom context instead.",
DeprecationWarning, 2)
self.key_file = key_file
self.cert_file = cert_file
if context is None:
context = ssl._create_default_https_context()
# enable PHA for TLS 1.3 connections if available
if context.post_handshake_auth is not None:
context.post_handshake_auth = True
will_verify = context.verify_mode != ssl.CERT_NONE
if check_hostname is None:
check_hostname = context.check_hostname
if check_hostname and not will_verify:
raise ValueError("check_hostname needs a SSL context with "
"either CERT_OPTIONAL or CERT_REQUIRED")
if key_file or cert_file:
context.load_cert_chain(cert_file, key_file)
# cert and key file means the user wants to authenticate.
# enable TLS 1.3 PHA implicitly even for custom contexts.
if context.post_handshake_auth is not None:
context.post_handshake_auth = True
self._context = context
self._check_hostname = check_hostname
def connect(self):
"Connect to a host on a given (SSL) port."
super().connect()
if self._tunnel_host:
server_hostname = self._tunnel_host
else:
server_hostname = self.host
self.sock = self._context.wrap_socket(self.sock,
server_hostname=server_hostname)
if not self._context.check_hostname and self._check_hostname:
try:
ssl.match_hostname(self.sock.getpeercert(), server_hostname)
except Exception:
self.sock.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
self.sock.close()
raise
__all__.append("HTTPSConnection")
class HTTPException(Exception):
# Subclasses that define an __init__ must call Exception.__init__
# or define self.args. Otherwise, str() will fail.
pass
class NotConnected(HTTPException):
pass
class InvalidURL(HTTPException):
pass
class UnknownProtocol(HTTPException):
def __init__(self, version):
self.args = version,
self.version = version
class UnknownTransferEncoding(HTTPException):
pass
class UnimplementedFileMode(HTTPException):
pass
class IncompleteRead(HTTPException):
def __init__(self, partial, expected=None):
self.args = partial,
self.partial = partial
self.expected = expected
def __repr__(self):
if self.expected is not None:
e = ', %i more expected' % self.expected
else:
e = ''
return '%s(%i bytes read%s)' % (self.__class__.__name__,
len(self.partial), e)
def __str__(self):
return repr(self)
class ImproperConnectionState(HTTPException):
pass
class CannotSendRequest(ImproperConnectionState):
pass
class CannotSendHeader(ImproperConnectionState):
pass
class ResponseNotReady(ImproperConnectionState):
pass
class BadStatusLine(HTTPException):
def __init__(self, line):
if not line:
line = repr(line)
self.args = line,
self.line = line
class LineTooLong(HTTPException):
def __init__(self, line_type):
HTTPException.__init__(self, "got more than %d bytes when reading %s"
% (_MAXLINE, line_type))
class RemoteDisconnected(ConnectionResetError, BadStatusLine):
def __init__(self, *pos, **kw):
BadStatusLine.__init__(self, "")
ConnectionResetError.__init__(self, *pos, **kw)
# for backwards compatibility
error = HTTPException
3
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